Triple
T787791
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Mark Kac |
E16842
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableIdea |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Kac walk
The Kac walk is a probabilistic model introduced by mathematician Mark Kac to study the approach to equilibrium in kinetic theory via a simplified random process.
|
E92907
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kac walk | Statement: [Mark Kac, notableIdea, Kac walk]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kac walk Context triple: [Mark Kac, notableIdea, Kac walk]
-
A.
Feynman–Kac formula
The Feynman–Kac formula is a fundamental result connecting solutions of certain partial differential equations with expectations over stochastic processes, forming a bridge between quantum mechanics, probability theory, and mathematical finance.
-
B.
Brownian motion
Brownian motion is the random, jittery movement of microscopic particles suspended in a fluid, whose explanation provided key evidence for the existence of atoms and the molecular nature of matter.
-
C.
Khinchin–Kahane type inequalities
Khinchin–Kahane type inequalities are fundamental results in probability and functional analysis that bound moments or norms of random series (often with Rademacher or Gaussian coefficients) in terms of each other, providing powerful tools for studying the geometry of Banach spaces and random processes.
-
D.
Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process
The Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process is a continuous-time stochastic process that models mean-reverting random motion, widely used in physics and quantitative finance to describe systems fluctuating around a long-term equilibrium.
-
E.
Wick’s theorem
Wick’s theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that expresses time-ordered products of field operators as sums of normal-ordered products with all possible contractions, forming the basis for deriving Feynman rules and diagrammatic expansions.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Kac walk Triple: [Mark Kac, notableIdea, Kac walk]
Generated description
The Kac walk is a probabilistic model introduced by mathematician Mark Kac to study the approach to equilibrium in kinetic theory via a simplified random process.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kac walk Target entity description: The Kac walk is a probabilistic model introduced by mathematician Mark Kac to study the approach to equilibrium in kinetic theory via a simplified random process.
-
A.
Feynman–Kac formula
The Feynman–Kac formula is a fundamental result connecting solutions of certain partial differential equations with expectations over stochastic processes, forming a bridge between quantum mechanics, probability theory, and mathematical finance.
-
B.
Brownian motion
Brownian motion is the random, jittery movement of microscopic particles suspended in a fluid, whose explanation provided key evidence for the existence of atoms and the molecular nature of matter.
-
C.
Khinchin–Kahane type inequalities
Khinchin–Kahane type inequalities are fundamental results in probability and functional analysis that bound moments or norms of random series (often with Rademacher or Gaussian coefficients) in terms of each other, providing powerful tools for studying the geometry of Banach spaces and random processes.
-
D.
Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process
The Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process is a continuous-time stochastic process that models mean-reverting random motion, widely used in physics and quantitative finance to describe systems fluctuating around a long-term equilibrium.
-
E.
Wick’s theorem
Wick’s theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that expresses time-ordered products of field operators as sums of normal-ordered products with all possible contractions, forming the basis for deriving Feynman rules and diagrammatic expansions.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a4936cb7448190914f5fe4b8d81607 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 7:28 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a4a78171908190a38a70274bfbebf9 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 8:54 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a6733e47148190bad0ac71cf45dd85 |
completed | March 3, 2026, 5:35 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a673afbd308190863aea2ff0f650cb |
completed | March 3, 2026, 5:37 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a6743f50d0819089885836b9668466 |
completed | March 3, 2026, 5:40 a.m. |
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:38 p.m.