Triple

T7375240
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Hindu–Arabic numeral system E170106 entity
Predicate popularizedByWork P71099 FINISHED
Object Liber Abaci
Liber Abaci is a 1202 mathematical treatise by Leonardo of Pisa (Fibonacci) that introduced and promoted the use of Hindu–Arabic numerals and modern arithmetic to medieval Europe.
E660683 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Liber Abaci | Statement: [Hindu–Arabic numeral system, popularizedByWork, Liber Abaci]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Liber Abaci
Context triple: [Hindu–Arabic numeral system, popularizedByWork, Liber Abaci]
  • A. De institutione arithmetica
    De institutione arithmetica is a foundational late antique Latin treatise on arithmetic that transmitted and systematized ancient Greek number theory for the medieval West.
  • B. Trattato d’abaco
    Trattato d’abaco is a mathematical treatise by Renaissance artist and mathematician Piero della Francesca, focusing on arithmetic and practical calculation methods.
  • C. Al-Khwarizmi's Al-jabr wa-l-muqabala
    Al-Khwarizmi's *Al-jabr wa-l-muqabala* is a foundational 9th-century mathematical treatise that systematically introduced and developed algebra as an independent discipline.
  • D. Treatise on the Division of Quadrants (Omar Khayyam)
    Treatise on the Division of Quadrants is a mathematical work by Omar Khayyam in which he investigates geometric constructions and the division of arcs and quadrants, contributing to the development of geometry beyond Euclid.
  • E. Zīj al-Sindhind
    Zīj al-Sindhind is an influential early 9th-century astronomical handbook and set of tables by Al-Khwarizmi that helped introduce and adapt Indian and Persian astronomical methods to the Islamic world.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Liber Abaci
Triple: [Hindu–Arabic numeral system, popularizedByWork, Liber Abaci]
Generated description
Liber Abaci is a 1202 mathematical treatise by Leonardo of Pisa (Fibonacci) that introduced and promoted the use of Hindu–Arabic numerals and modern arithmetic to medieval Europe.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Liber Abaci
Target entity description: Liber Abaci is a 1202 mathematical treatise by Leonardo of Pisa (Fibonacci) that introduced and promoted the use of Hindu–Arabic numerals and modern arithmetic to medieval Europe.
  • A. De institutione arithmetica
    De institutione arithmetica is a foundational late antique Latin treatise on arithmetic that transmitted and systematized ancient Greek number theory for the medieval West.
  • B. Trattato d’abaco
    Trattato d’abaco is a mathematical treatise by Renaissance artist and mathematician Piero della Francesca, focusing on arithmetic and practical calculation methods.
  • C. Al-Khwarizmi's Al-jabr wa-l-muqabala
    Al-Khwarizmi's *Al-jabr wa-l-muqabala* is a foundational 9th-century mathematical treatise that systematically introduced and developed algebra as an independent discipline.
  • D. Treatise on the Division of Quadrants (Omar Khayyam)
    Treatise on the Division of Quadrants is a mathematical work by Omar Khayyam in which he investigates geometric constructions and the division of arcs and quadrants, contributing to the development of geometry beyond Euclid.
  • E. Zīj al-Sindhind
    Zīj al-Sindhind is an influential early 9th-century astronomical handbook and set of tables by Al-Khwarizmi that helped introduce and adapt Indian and Persian astronomical methods to the Islamic world.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c68a5bfaac81909ce7f001dfb70c76 completed March 27, 2026, 1:47 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c6f1a780f88190abf11994e307b6ad completed March 27, 2026, 9:07 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c802ce8e408190946637d04083521c completed March 28, 2026, 4:33 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c80739a09c819096267cc415e3655e completed March 28, 2026, 4:52 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c80810aff481909f4ac43f72101eb7 completed March 28, 2026, 4:55 p.m.
Created at: March 27, 2026, 3:07 p.m.