Triple

T732020
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Max Planck Medal E14850 entity
Predicate hasRecipient P108 FINISHED
Object Theodor Kaluza
Theodor Kaluza was a German theoretical physicist best known for proposing a unification of gravity and electromagnetism via a five-dimensional spacetime, laying groundwork for later Kaluza–Klein theories.
E90598 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Theodor Kaluza | Statement: [Max Planck Medal, hasRecipient, Theodor Kaluza]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Theodor Kaluza
Context triple: [Max Planck Medal, hasRecipient, Theodor Kaluza]
  • A. Horst Kasner
    Horst Kasner was a German Protestant pastor best known as the father of former German chancellor Angela Merkel.
  • B. Hermann Minkowski
    Hermann Minkowski was a German mathematician and physicist best known for formulating the four-dimensional spacetime framework that underpins the theory of relativity.
  • C. Alexander Friedmann
    Alexander Friedmann was a Russian physicist and mathematician who first formulated the expanding-universe solutions to Einstein’s field equations, laying the foundations of modern cosmology.
  • D. Karl Schwarzschild
    Karl Schwarzschild was a German physicist and astronomer best known for providing the first exact solution to Einstein’s field equations, leading to the concept of the Schwarzschild radius and black holes.
  • E. Philipp Frank
    Philipp Frank was an Austrian physicist and philosopher best known as a leading member of the Vienna Circle and an influential proponent of logical positivism.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Theodor Kaluza
Triple: [Max Planck Medal, hasRecipient, Theodor Kaluza]
Generated description
Theodor Kaluza was a German theoretical physicist best known for proposing a unification of gravity and electromagnetism via a five-dimensional spacetime, laying groundwork for later Kaluza–Klein theories.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Theodor Kaluza
Target entity description: Theodor Kaluza was a German theoretical physicist best known for proposing a unification of gravity and electromagnetism via a five-dimensional spacetime, laying groundwork for later Kaluza–Klein theories.
  • A. Horst Kasner
    Horst Kasner was a German Protestant pastor best known as the father of former German chancellor Angela Merkel.
  • B. Hermann Minkowski
    Hermann Minkowski was a German mathematician and physicist best known for formulating the four-dimensional spacetime framework that underpins the theory of relativity.
  • C. Alexander Friedmann
    Alexander Friedmann was a Russian physicist and mathematician who first formulated the expanding-universe solutions to Einstein’s field equations, laying the foundations of modern cosmology.
  • D. Karl Schwarzschild
    Karl Schwarzschild was a German physicist and astronomer best known for providing the first exact solution to Einstein’s field equations, leading to the concept of the Schwarzschild radius and black holes.
  • E. Philipp Frank
    Philipp Frank was an Austrian physicist and philosopher best known as a leading member of the Vienna Circle and an influential proponent of logical positivism.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a4934d9930819099eed80096b0597d completed March 1, 2026, 7:28 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4a5d5a6b48190a2c81bfc3c6faa25 completed March 1, 2026, 8:47 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a65e3df8e48190905f89acbf7f3667 completed March 3, 2026, 4:06 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a663f6db448190b82c18393b6c7a3c completed March 3, 2026, 4:30 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a6646c5d3c81909b51268eaf8d14be completed March 3, 2026, 4:32 a.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:37 p.m.