Triple

T7304637
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject J. W. S. Cassels E167942 entity
Predicate notableConcept P201 FINISHED
Object Cassels–Tate pairing
The Cassels–Tate pairing is a bilinear pairing on the Tate–Shafarevich group of an abelian variety over a number field that plays a central role in arithmetic geometry and the study of rational points.
E654586 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Cassels–Tate pairing | Statement: [J. W. S. Cassels, notableConcept, Cassels–Tate pairing]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cassels–Tate pairing
Context triple: [J. W. S. Cassels, notableConcept, Cassels–Tate pairing]
  • A. Weil pairing
    The Weil pairing is a bilinear, alternating, non-degenerate pairing on the torsion points of an elliptic curve, fundamental in number theory and modern cryptography.
  • B. Hasse bound for elliptic curves
    The Hasse bound for elliptic curves is a fundamental result in number theory that gives tight limits on how far the number of points on an elliptic curve over a finite field can deviate from the size of the field plus one.
  • C. Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture
    The Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture is a central unsolved problem in number theory that predicts a deep connection between the arithmetic of rational points on an elliptic curve and the behavior of its associated L-function at a specific value.
  • D. Koblitz curves
    Koblitz curves are a special class of elliptic curves defined over binary fields that enable particularly efficient and fast implementations of elliptic curve cryptography.
  • E. Mordell–Weil theorem
    The Mordell–Weil theorem is a fundamental result in number theory stating that the group of rational points on an abelian variety (in particular, an elliptic curve) over a number field is finitely generated.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Cassels–Tate pairing
Triple: [J. W. S. Cassels, notableConcept, Cassels–Tate pairing]
Generated description
The Cassels–Tate pairing is a bilinear pairing on the Tate–Shafarevich group of an abelian variety over a number field that plays a central role in arithmetic geometry and the study of rational points.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cassels–Tate pairing
Target entity description: The Cassels–Tate pairing is a bilinear pairing on the Tate–Shafarevich group of an abelian variety over a number field that plays a central role in arithmetic geometry and the study of rational points.
  • A. Weil pairing
    The Weil pairing is a bilinear, alternating, non-degenerate pairing on the torsion points of an elliptic curve, fundamental in number theory and modern cryptography.
  • B. Hasse bound for elliptic curves
    The Hasse bound for elliptic curves is a fundamental result in number theory that gives tight limits on how far the number of points on an elliptic curve over a finite field can deviate from the size of the field plus one.
  • C. Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture
    The Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture is a central unsolved problem in number theory that predicts a deep connection between the arithmetic of rational points on an elliptic curve and the behavior of its associated L-function at a specific value.
  • D. Koblitz curves
    Koblitz curves are a special class of elliptic curves defined over binary fields that enable particularly efficient and fast implementations of elliptic curve cryptography.
  • E. Mordell–Weil theorem
    The Mordell–Weil theorem is a fundamental result in number theory stating that the group of rational points on an abelian variety (in particular, an elliptic curve) over a number field is finitely generated.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c6888c820881909fc68f689fe1c251 completed March 27, 2026, 1:39 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c6ebb352ec8190846eff044e08805e completed March 27, 2026, 8:42 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c7e55bfccc8190a46067c60c3c1a3f completed March 28, 2026, 2:27 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c7e5fbe8a8819083a892f4e54013eb completed March 28, 2026, 2:30 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c7e69ca1ac8190a398da894c6cc04e completed March 28, 2026, 2:33 p.m.
Created at: March 27, 2026, 3:01 p.m.