Triple

T6476210
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Juan Maldacena E146077 entity
Predicate doctoralThesisTitle P1860 FINISHED
Object Black holes in string theory
Black holes in string theory are theoretical objects studied using string-theoretic tools to understand quantum aspects of gravity, spacetime, and information, notably in the context of ideas like holography and the AdS/CFT correspondence.
E596856 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Black holes in string theory | Statement: [Juan Maldacena, doctoralThesisTitle, Black holes in string theory]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Black holes in string theory
Context triple: [Juan Maldacena, doctoralThesisTitle, Black holes in string theory]
  • A. Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology
    "Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology" is a foundational advanced textbook that develops the quantum and phenomenological aspects of superstring theory, including loop calculations, anomaly cancellation, and connections to particle physics.
  • B. Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
    Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
  • C. E8×E8 heterotic string theory
    E8×E8 heterotic string theory is a ten-dimensional string theory whose gauge symmetry is based on the product of two exceptional Lie groups E8, making it a leading candidate for unifying gravity with the forces and particles of the Standard Model.
  • D. M-theory
    M-theory is a proposed unifying framework in theoretical physics that generalizes string theories into an eleven-dimensional model aiming to reconcile quantum mechanics with gravity.
  • E. Type I supergravity
    Type I supergravity is a ten-dimensional supersymmetric gravitational theory that forms the low-energy effective description of Type I string theory and plays a key role in anomaly cancellation via the Green–Schwarz mechanism.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Black holes in string theory
Triple: [Juan Maldacena, doctoralThesisTitle, Black holes in string theory]
Generated description
Black holes in string theory are theoretical objects studied using string-theoretic tools to understand quantum aspects of gravity, spacetime, and information, notably in the context of ideas like holography and the AdS/CFT correspondence.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Black holes in string theory
Target entity description: Black holes in string theory are theoretical objects studied using string-theoretic tools to understand quantum aspects of gravity, spacetime, and information, notably in the context of ideas like holography and the AdS/CFT correspondence.
  • A. Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology
    "Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology" is a foundational advanced textbook that develops the quantum and phenomenological aspects of superstring theory, including loop calculations, anomaly cancellation, and connections to particle physics.
  • B. Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
    Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
  • C. E8×E8 heterotic string theory
    E8×E8 heterotic string theory is a ten-dimensional string theory whose gauge symmetry is based on the product of two exceptional Lie groups E8, making it a leading candidate for unifying gravity with the forces and particles of the Standard Model.
  • D. M-theory
    M-theory is a proposed unifying framework in theoretical physics that generalizes string theories into an eleven-dimensional model aiming to reconcile quantum mechanics with gravity.
  • E. Type I supergravity
    Type I supergravity is a ten-dimensional supersymmetric gravitational theory that forms the low-energy effective description of Type I string theory and plays a key role in anomaly cancellation via the Green–Schwarz mechanism.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c008fec7408190af7b146dc63d9750 completed March 22, 2026, 3:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c06a49b3bc8190ad80c6ca2dd15c68 completed March 22, 2026, 10:16 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c653a7f348819091bca6b582ad230d completed March 27, 2026, 9:53 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c6542017f4819085efe545dd25060f completed March 27, 2026, 9:55 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c656d3533c819091a4255e354eccab completed March 27, 2026, 10:07 a.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:51 p.m.