Triple

T6198499
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Kenneth Wilson E138570 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object renormalization group
The renormalization group is a mathematical framework in theoretical physics that systematically studies how physical systems and their parameters change with scale, crucial for understanding critical phenomena and quantum field theories.
E575044 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: renormalization group | Statement: [Kenneth Wilson, notableWork, renormalization group]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: renormalization group
Context triple: [Kenneth Wilson, notableWork, renormalization group]
  • A. Lectures on Phase Transitions and the Renormalization Group
    *Lectures on Phase Transitions and the Renormalization Group* is a widely used advanced physics textbook that provides a clear, modern introduction to critical phenomena, scaling, and renormalization group methods in statistical mechanics and condensed matter physics.
  • B. Pauli–Villars regularization
    Pauli–Villars regularization is a technique in quantum field theory that controls ultraviolet divergences by introducing auxiliary heavy fields to render integrals finite.
  • C. Gell-Mann–Low theorem
    The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
  • D. Slavnov–Taylor identities
    Slavnov–Taylor identities are relations in non-Abelian gauge theories that generalize Ward identities, ensuring the consistency and renormalizability of gauge-invariant quantum field theories.
  • E. Yang–Lee theory
    Yang–Lee theory is a framework in statistical mechanics and phase transition theory that studies the distribution of zeros of the partition function in the complex plane to understand critical phenomena.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: renormalization group
Triple: [Kenneth Wilson, notableWork, renormalization group]
Generated description
The renormalization group is a mathematical framework in theoretical physics that systematically studies how physical systems and their parameters change with scale, crucial for understanding critical phenomena and quantum field theories.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: renormalization group
Target entity description: The renormalization group is a mathematical framework in theoretical physics that systematically studies how physical systems and their parameters change with scale, crucial for understanding critical phenomena and quantum field theories.
  • A. Lectures on Phase Transitions and the Renormalization Group
    *Lectures on Phase Transitions and the Renormalization Group* is a widely used advanced physics textbook that provides a clear, modern introduction to critical phenomena, scaling, and renormalization group methods in statistical mechanics and condensed matter physics.
  • B. Pauli–Villars regularization
    Pauli–Villars regularization is a technique in quantum field theory that controls ultraviolet divergences by introducing auxiliary heavy fields to render integrals finite.
  • C. Gell-Mann–Low theorem
    The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
  • D. Slavnov–Taylor identities
    Slavnov–Taylor identities are relations in non-Abelian gauge theories that generalize Ward identities, ensuring the consistency and renormalizability of gauge-invariant quantum field theories.
  • E. Yang–Lee theory
    Yang–Lee theory is a framework in statistical mechanics and phase transition theory that studies the distribution of zeros of the partition function in the complex plane to understand critical phenomena.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c008ab9b3081908a11b2c744838435 completed March 22, 2026, 3:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c06251b47881909bd8d2ea37541959 completed March 22, 2026, 9:42 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c16f302984819089c6a17dda476a4b completed March 23, 2026, 4:49 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c1c9a4bdd481909f836be4167befea completed March 23, 2026, 11:15 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c1ca257cb88190bee32a8ecb15c02b completed March 23, 2026, 11:17 p.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:20 p.m.