Triple

T6155402
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Sidney Coleman E137307 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Coleman–Mandula theorem
The Coleman–Mandula theorem is a foundational result in theoretical physics that severely restricts how spacetime and internal symmetries can be combined in a unified quantum field theory, showing that only a direct product of these symmetries is generally allowed.
E573373 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Coleman–Mandula theorem | Statement: [Sidney Coleman, notableWork, Coleman–Mandula theorem]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Coleman–Mandula theorem
Context triple: [Sidney Coleman, notableWork, Coleman–Mandula theorem]
  • A. Green–Schwarz mechanism
    The Green–Schwarz mechanism is a key anomaly-cancellation process in string theory that ensures the mathematical consistency of certain superstring models by eliminating gauge and gravitational anomalies.
  • B. Gell-Mann–Low theorem
    The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
  • C. Ward–Takahashi identities
    The Ward–Takahashi identities are fundamental relations in quantum field theory that express the consequences of gauge or global symmetries for Green’s functions and ensure the consistency of renormalization with these symmetries.
  • D. Kaluza–Klein theory
    Kaluza–Klein theory is a higher-dimensional unification framework that extends general relativity by adding extra spatial dimensions to geometrically incorporate electromagnetism (and potentially other forces) alongside gravity.
  • E. Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem
    The Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously establishes a systematic procedure for renormalizing divergent Feynman diagrams.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Coleman–Mandula theorem
Triple: [Sidney Coleman, notableWork, Coleman–Mandula theorem]
Generated description
The Coleman–Mandula theorem is a foundational result in theoretical physics that severely restricts how spacetime and internal symmetries can be combined in a unified quantum field theory, showing that only a direct product of these symmetries is generally allowed.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Coleman–Mandula theorem
Target entity description: The Coleman–Mandula theorem is a foundational result in theoretical physics that severely restricts how spacetime and internal symmetries can be combined in a unified quantum field theory, showing that only a direct product of these symmetries is generally allowed.
  • A. Green–Schwarz mechanism
    The Green–Schwarz mechanism is a key anomaly-cancellation process in string theory that ensures the mathematical consistency of certain superstring models by eliminating gauge and gravitational anomalies.
  • B. Gell-Mann–Low theorem
    The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
  • C. Ward–Takahashi identities
    The Ward–Takahashi identities are fundamental relations in quantum field theory that express the consequences of gauge or global symmetries for Green’s functions and ensure the consistency of renormalization with these symmetries.
  • D. Kaluza–Klein theory
    Kaluza–Klein theory is a higher-dimensional unification framework that extends general relativity by adding extra spatial dimensions to geometrically incorporate electromagnetism (and potentially other forces) alongside gravity.
  • E. Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem
    The Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously establishes a systematic procedure for renormalizing divergent Feynman diagrams.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c008a45d008190832a9e19f5d63406 completed March 22, 2026, 3:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c05d01ddb0819085b5f5338b86a25d completed March 22, 2026, 9:20 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c141867fac819093a3093aa8251eac completed March 23, 2026, 1:35 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c14794c3488190874b0a4d2c00514d completed March 23, 2026, 2 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c1480b10f08190891bfc8488bbaf16 completed March 23, 2026, 2:02 p.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:17 p.m.