Triple

T6146146
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Henrietta Swan Leavitt E137080 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud
The 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud is Henrietta Swan Leavitt’s landmark work that revealed the period–luminosity relationship of Cepheid variable stars, providing a crucial tool for measuring cosmic distances.
E571549 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud | Statement: [Henrietta Swan Leavitt, notableWork, 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Context triple: [Henrietta Swan Leavitt, notableWork, 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud]
  • A. On the Relations between the Spectra and Other Characteristics of the Stars
    "On the Relations between the Spectra and Other Characteristics of the Stars" is a landmark 1914 paper by Henry Norris Russell that helped establish the relationship between stellar spectral type, luminosity, and other properties, laying groundwork for the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and modern stellar astrophysics.
  • B. On the Sizes and Distances of the Sun and Moon
    On the Sizes and Distances of the Sun and Moon is an ancient Greek astronomical treatise that presents one of the earliest known geometric attempts to quantify the relative sizes and distances of the Sun and Moon from Earth.
  • C. Eddington standard model of stars
    The Eddington standard model of stars is a theoretical framework in stellar astrophysics that describes the internal structure and energy transport of stars under simplifying assumptions of radiative equilibrium and constant opacity.
  • D. A Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra-Galactic Nebulae
    "A Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra-Galactic Nebulae" is Edwin Hubble’s landmark 1929 paper that established the linear relationship between galaxies’ distances and their recessional velocities, providing the first strong evidence for the expanding universe.
  • E. Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements
    The Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements are a landmark set of observations that extended and refined Edwin Hubble’s work on the expanding universe by systematically measuring the redshifts of distant galaxies.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Triple: [Henrietta Swan Leavitt, notableWork, 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud]
Generated description
The 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud is Henrietta Swan Leavitt’s landmark work that revealed the period–luminosity relationship of Cepheid variable stars, providing a crucial tool for measuring cosmic distances.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Target entity description: The 1912 paper on periods of 25 Cepheid variables in the Small Magellanic Cloud is Henrietta Swan Leavitt’s landmark work that revealed the period–luminosity relationship of Cepheid variable stars, providing a crucial tool for measuring cosmic distances.
  • A. On the Relations between the Spectra and Other Characteristics of the Stars
    "On the Relations between the Spectra and Other Characteristics of the Stars" is a landmark 1914 paper by Henry Norris Russell that helped establish the relationship between stellar spectral type, luminosity, and other properties, laying groundwork for the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and modern stellar astrophysics.
  • B. On the Sizes and Distances of the Sun and Moon
    On the Sizes and Distances of the Sun and Moon is an ancient Greek astronomical treatise that presents one of the earliest known geometric attempts to quantify the relative sizes and distances of the Sun and Moon from Earth.
  • C. Eddington standard model of stars
    The Eddington standard model of stars is a theoretical framework in stellar astrophysics that describes the internal structure and energy transport of stars under simplifying assumptions of radiative equilibrium and constant opacity.
  • D. A Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra-Galactic Nebulae
    "A Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra-Galactic Nebulae" is Edwin Hubble’s landmark 1929 paper that established the linear relationship between galaxies’ distances and their recessional velocities, providing the first strong evidence for the expanding universe.
  • E. Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements
    The Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements are a landmark set of observations that extended and refined Edwin Hubble’s work on the expanding universe by systematically measuring the redshifts of distant galaxies.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c008a2c6308190a56519b22d55d083 completed March 22, 2026, 3:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c05cdd2dc0819080a4adf0cead3603 completed March 22, 2026, 9:19 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c135fe8ae48190bfb20c335c7d32be completed March 23, 2026, 12:45 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c1371677a881908f24f990ce2da2a5 completed March 23, 2026, 12:50 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c137a10d908190a23c8be20277e803 completed March 23, 2026, 12:52 p.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:16 p.m.