Triple

T5996891
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject James Whittaker (software engineer) E133493 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object How to Break Software
"How to Break Software" is a practical software testing book that teaches systematic techniques for finding defects by thinking like an attacker of software systems.
E560746 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: How to Break Software | Statement: [James Whittaker (software engineer), notableWork, How to Break Software]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: How to Break Software
Context triple: [James Whittaker (software engineer), notableWork, How to Break Software]
  • A. How To Become A Hacker
    "How To Become A Hacker" is a widely read essay by Eric S. Raymond that explains hacker culture, ethics, and the skills and attitudes needed to participate in the open-source software community.
  • B. SmartBear Software
    SmartBear Software is a software company known for its tools that support API development, testing, and monitoring, including stewardship of the popular Swagger ecosystem.
  • C. The Cathedral and the Bazaar
    The Cathedral and the Bazaar is a highly influential essay and book on open-source software development that contrasts centralized, top-down programming models with decentralized, collaborative approaches.
  • D. The Practice of Programming
    The Practice of Programming is a widely respected book by Brian W. Kernighan and Rob Pike that teaches practical software development techniques, emphasizing clear code, debugging, testing, and performance.
  • E. Working Effectively with Legacy Code
    Working Effectively with Legacy Code is a widely respected software engineering book by Michael Feathers that teaches practical techniques for understanding, testing, and safely modifying existing codebases.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: How to Break Software
Triple: [James Whittaker (software engineer), notableWork, How to Break Software]
Generated description
"How to Break Software" is a practical software testing book that teaches systematic techniques for finding defects by thinking like an attacker of software systems.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: How to Break Software
Target entity description: "How to Break Software" is a practical software testing book that teaches systematic techniques for finding defects by thinking like an attacker of software systems.
  • A. How To Become A Hacker
    "How To Become A Hacker" is a widely read essay by Eric S. Raymond that explains hacker culture, ethics, and the skills and attitudes needed to participate in the open-source software community.
  • B. SmartBear Software
    SmartBear Software is a software company known for its tools that support API development, testing, and monitoring, including stewardship of the popular Swagger ecosystem.
  • C. The Cathedral and the Bazaar
    The Cathedral and the Bazaar is a highly influential essay and book on open-source software development that contrasts centralized, top-down programming models with decentralized, collaborative approaches.
  • D. The Practice of Programming
    The Practice of Programming is a widely respected book by Brian W. Kernighan and Rob Pike that teaches practical software development techniques, emphasizing clear code, debugging, testing, and performance.
  • E. Working Effectively with Legacy Code
    Working Effectively with Legacy Code is a widely respected software engineering book by Michael Feathers that teaches practical techniques for understanding, testing, and safely modifying existing codebases.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c00870ddbc81909880fa3864f4f38d completed March 22, 2026, 3:19 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c04e963f3c819082dd755e328ab947 completed March 22, 2026, 8:18 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c10876d4d0819083ac7431c8abaedd completed March 23, 2026, 9:31 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c10987f5588190ac9305b84d8916a7 completed March 23, 2026, 9:36 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c10afbee8081909cf516ae7cda7ccf completed March 23, 2026, 9:42 a.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:05 p.m.