Triple
T596037
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Freeman Dyson |
E17384
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Dyson’s formulation of quantum electrodynamics |
E17385
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Dyson’s formulation of quantum electrodynamics | Statement: [Freeman Dyson, notableWork, Dyson’s formulation of quantum electrodynamics]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dyson’s formulation of quantum electrodynamics Context triple: [Freeman Dyson, notableWork, Dyson’s formulation of quantum electrodynamics]
-
A.
Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED
chosen
Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED is a landmark theoretical result that rigorously demonstrated the mathematical consistency and mutual compatibility of different approaches to quantum electrodynamics.
-
B.
Dirac equation
The Dirac equation is a fundamental relativistic wave equation in quantum mechanics that describes spin-½ particles such as electrons and predicts phenomena like antimatter.
-
C.
On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
"On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
-
D.
QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter
QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter is a popular science book by physicist Richard Feynman that explains the quantum theory of electrodynamics in an accessible, lecture-based style.
-
E.
quantum electrodynamics
Quantum electrodynamics is the quantum field theory that describes how light and matter interact through the exchange of photons, forming the foundation of our understanding of electromagnetic forces at the subatomic level.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a49379d09c8190ac7e00b24e2810b1 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 7:28 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a49bd3e5e08190be95cb2009aad42d |
completed | March 1, 2026, 8:04 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a51f36ab388190a418f6d4ffe91d66 |
completed | March 2, 2026, 5:25 a.m. |
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:33 p.m.