Triple

T594763
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques E17354 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object PCP theorem
The PCP theorem is a fundamental result in computational complexity theory stating that every problem in NP has probabilistically checkable proofs that can be verified by examining only a constant number of bits, with major implications for the hardness of approximation.
E74456 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: PCP theorem | Statement: [Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques, relatedTo, PCP theorem]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: PCP theorem
Context triple: [Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques, relatedTo, PCP theorem]
  • A. Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques
    "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced powerful interactive proof techniques to show that finding near-maximum cliques in graphs is computationally intractable to approximate within strong bounds.
  • B. The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems
    "The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced the notion of zero-knowledge proofs, fundamentally shaping modern cryptography and complexity theory.
  • C. Randomness and Computation
    "Randomness and Computation" is Shafi Goldwasser's influential doctoral thesis that helped lay the foundations of modern complexity theory and cryptography by rigorously exploring the role of randomness in efficient computation.
  • D. Introduction to the Theory of Computation
    Introduction to the Theory of Computation is a widely used textbook in theoretical computer science that covers formal languages, automata, computability, and complexity theory.
  • E. Church–Turing thesis
    The Church–Turing thesis is a foundational principle in computability theory stating that any function that can be effectively computed by an algorithm can be computed by a Turing machine (or equivalently by other formal models of computation).
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: PCP theorem
Triple: [Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques, relatedTo, PCP theorem]
Generated description
The PCP theorem is a fundamental result in computational complexity theory stating that every problem in NP has probabilistically checkable proofs that can be verified by examining only a constant number of bits, with major implications for the hardness of approximation.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: PCP theorem
Target entity description: The PCP theorem is a fundamental result in computational complexity theory stating that every problem in NP has probabilistically checkable proofs that can be verified by examining only a constant number of bits, with major implications for the hardness of approximation.
  • A. Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques
    "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced powerful interactive proof techniques to show that finding near-maximum cliques in graphs is computationally intractable to approximate within strong bounds.
  • B. The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems
    "The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced the notion of zero-knowledge proofs, fundamentally shaping modern cryptography and complexity theory.
  • C. Randomness and Computation
    "Randomness and Computation" is Shafi Goldwasser's influential doctoral thesis that helped lay the foundations of modern complexity theory and cryptography by rigorously exploring the role of randomness in efficient computation.
  • D. Introduction to the Theory of Computation
    Introduction to the Theory of Computation is a widely used textbook in theoretical computer science that covers formal languages, automata, computability, and complexity theory.
  • E. Church–Turing thesis
    The Church–Turing thesis is a foundational principle in computability theory stating that any function that can be effectively computed by an algorithm can be computed by a Turing machine (or equivalently by other formal models of computation).
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a49379d09c8190ac7e00b24e2810b1 completed March 1, 2026, 7:28 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a49bd280ac8190b6a530ce73da85c8 completed March 1, 2026, 8:04 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a518c61744819090ccc037d61a61b1 completed March 2, 2026, 4:57 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a5197869fc8190b3e11f46f4eea7b9 completed March 2, 2026, 5 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a519e6319c81908d49076dfe2cd963 completed March 2, 2026, 5:02 a.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:33 p.m.