Triple
T56441
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | American Astronomical Society |
E1116
|
entity |
| Predicate | foundedBy |
P104
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Simon Newcomb
Simon Newcomb was a 19th-century Canadian-American astronomer and mathematician renowned for his work in celestial mechanics, astronomical constants, and early studies of what became known as Benford's law.
|
E27014
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Simon Newcomb | Statement: [American Astronomical Society, foundedBy, Simon Newcomb]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Simon Newcomb Context triple: [American Astronomical Society, foundedBy, Simon Newcomb]
-
A.
Edward Charles Pickering
Edward Charles Pickering was a pioneering American astronomer and longtime director of the Harvard College Observatory, known for his major contributions to stellar spectroscopy and the classification of stars.
-
B.
George Ellery Hale
George Ellery Hale was an influential American solar astronomer and observatory builder who pioneered modern astrophysics and led the creation of several of the world’s largest telescopes.
-
C.
Nathaniel Bowditch
Nathaniel Bowditch was an American mathematician and astronomer best known for his influential work in celestial navigation and his book "The New American Practical Navigator."
-
D.
Frank B. Jewett
Frank B. Jewett was an American electrical engineer and physicist who served as the first president of Bell Telephone Laboratories and played a major role in organizing U.S. scientific research during World War II.
-
E.
Arthur E. Kennelly
Arthur E. Kennelly was a prominent electrical engineer and physicist known for his pioneering work in alternating current theory and radio science.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Simon Newcomb Triple: [American Astronomical Society, foundedBy, Simon Newcomb]
Generated description
Simon Newcomb was a 19th-century Canadian-American astronomer and mathematician renowned for his work in celestial mechanics, astronomical constants, and early studies of what became known as Benford's law.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Simon Newcomb Target entity description: Simon Newcomb was a 19th-century Canadian-American astronomer and mathematician renowned for his work in celestial mechanics, astronomical constants, and early studies of what became known as Benford's law.
-
A.
Edward Charles Pickering
Edward Charles Pickering was a pioneering American astronomer and longtime director of the Harvard College Observatory, known for his major contributions to stellar spectroscopy and the classification of stars.
-
B.
George Ellery Hale
George Ellery Hale was an influential American solar astronomer and observatory builder who pioneered modern astrophysics and led the creation of several of the world’s largest telescopes.
-
C.
Nathaniel Bowditch
Nathaniel Bowditch was an American mathematician and astronomer best known for his influential work in celestial navigation and his book "The New American Practical Navigator."
-
D.
Frank B. Jewett
Frank B. Jewett was an American electrical engineer and physicist who served as the first president of Bell Telephone Laboratories and played a major role in organizing U.S. scientific research during World War II.
-
E.
Arthur E. Kennelly
Arthur E. Kennelly was a prominent electrical engineer and physicist known for his pioneering work in alternating current theory and radio science.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a248adc5b48190aa8db9fb092fb28a |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:45 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a24b07f4a881909e32115e84da02a3 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:55 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a332c400788190bb9beca3246bcf46 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 6:24 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a33361723c8190b2b9132658a8a5f5 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 6:26 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a33727fda08190a740222f5e279130 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 6:42 p.m. |
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:50 a.m.