Triple

T5465193
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Donald W. Loveland E122690 entity
Predicate authorOf P4244 FINISHED
Object "Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving"
"Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving" is a textbook that introduces the logical foundations and practical techniques underlying automated theorem proving and its applications in computer science.
E524533 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: "Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving" | Statement: [Donald W. Loveland, authorOf, "Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving"]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: "Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving"
Context triple: [Donald W. Loveland, authorOf, "Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving"]
  • A. First-Order Logic and Automated Theorem Proving
    "First-Order Logic and Automated Theorem Proving" is a foundational textbook that systematically introduces first-order logic while presenting key methods and algorithms used in automated theorem proving.
  • B. "Automated Theorem Proving: A Logical Basis"
    "Automated Theorem Proving: A Logical Basis" is a foundational textbook that presents the logical theory and algorithms underlying automated reasoning and theorem-proving systems in computer science and mathematical logic.
  • C. The Logic of Computer Programming
    The Logic of Computer Programming is a foundational textbook in theoretical computer science that rigorously develops methods for specifying, proving, and reasoning about the correctness of computer programs.
  • D. "The Complexity of Theorem-Proving Procedures"
    "The Complexity of Theorem-Proving Procedures" is Stephen Cook’s landmark 1971 paper that introduced the concept of NP-completeness and proved the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) to be NP-complete, laying the foundation for modern computational complexity theory.
  • E. Handbook of Automated Reasoning
    The "Handbook of Automated Reasoning" is a comprehensive reference work that surveys the theories, methods, and tools used in the field of automated theorem proving and formal reasoning in computer science and logic.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: "Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving"
Triple: [Donald W. Loveland, authorOf, "Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving"]
Generated description
"Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving" is a textbook that introduces the logical foundations and practical techniques underlying automated theorem proving and its applications in computer science.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: "Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving"
Target entity description: "Logic for Computer Science: Foundations of Automatic Theorem Proving" is a textbook that introduces the logical foundations and practical techniques underlying automated theorem proving and its applications in computer science.
  • A. First-Order Logic and Automated Theorem Proving
    "First-Order Logic and Automated Theorem Proving" is a foundational textbook that systematically introduces first-order logic while presenting key methods and algorithms used in automated theorem proving.
  • B. "Automated Theorem Proving: A Logical Basis"
    "Automated Theorem Proving: A Logical Basis" is a foundational textbook that presents the logical theory and algorithms underlying automated reasoning and theorem-proving systems in computer science and mathematical logic.
  • C. The Logic of Computer Programming
    The Logic of Computer Programming is a foundational textbook in theoretical computer science that rigorously develops methods for specifying, proving, and reasoning about the correctness of computer programs.
  • D. "The Complexity of Theorem-Proving Procedures"
    "The Complexity of Theorem-Proving Procedures" is Stephen Cook’s landmark 1971 paper that introduced the concept of NP-completeness and proved the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) to be NP-complete, laying the foundation for modern computational complexity theory.
  • E. Handbook of Automated Reasoning
    The "Handbook of Automated Reasoning" is a comprehensive reference work that surveys the theories, methods, and tools used in the field of automated theorem proving and formal reasoning in computer science and logic.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd4643f16081908d7f29e08096115a completed March 20, 2026, 1:06 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd920590b481909b92091678ff1414 completed March 20, 2026, 6:29 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bf70d5dba4819086585fba83134f2b completed March 22, 2026, 4:32 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bf73d994b08190866aae79c93d9393 completed March 22, 2026, 4:45 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69bf743f2f348190aa6b44670166488a completed March 22, 2026, 4:46 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 2:08 p.m.