Triple

T511592
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Princeton University Press E10620 entity
Predicate notableAuthorPublished P7039 FINISHED
Object I. Bernard Cohen
I. Bernard Cohen was a prominent American historian of science best known for his influential scholarship on Isaac Newton and the Scientific Revolution.
E64061 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: I. Bernard Cohen | Statement: [Princeton University Press, notableAuthorPublished, I. Bernard Cohen]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: I. Bernard Cohen
Context triple: [Princeton University Press, notableAuthorPublished, I. Bernard Cohen]
  • A. Peter Gay
    Peter Gay was a German-born American historian and author best known for his influential works on the Enlightenment, the Victorian middle class, and the history of psychoanalysis.
  • B. Benjamin Rapoport
    Benjamin Rapoport is a neurosurgeon and entrepreneur best known as one of the co-founders of the brain–computer interface company Neuralink.
  • C. Isaiah Berlin
    Isaiah Berlin was a 20th-century political philosopher and historian of ideas best known for his writings on liberalism, value pluralism, and the concept of negative and positive liberty.
  • D. Horace M. Kallen
    Horace M. Kallen was an American philosopher and cultural pluralist best known for developing the concept of cultural pluralism in the United States and advocating for ethnic diversity and Zionism.
  • E. Norman Finkelstein
    Norman Finkelstein is an American political scientist, author, and commentator known for his controversial critiques of Israeli policy and the politics surrounding the Holocaust.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: I. Bernard Cohen
Triple: [Princeton University Press, notableAuthorPublished, I. Bernard Cohen]
Generated description
I. Bernard Cohen was a prominent American historian of science best known for his influential scholarship on Isaac Newton and the Scientific Revolution.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: I. Bernard Cohen
Target entity description: I. Bernard Cohen was a prominent American historian of science best known for his influential scholarship on Isaac Newton and the Scientific Revolution.
  • A. Peter Gay
    Peter Gay was a German-born American historian and author best known for his influential works on the Enlightenment, the Victorian middle class, and the history of psychoanalysis.
  • B. Benjamin Rapoport
    Benjamin Rapoport is a neurosurgeon and entrepreneur best known as one of the co-founders of the brain–computer interface company Neuralink.
  • C. Isaiah Berlin
    Isaiah Berlin was a 20th-century political philosopher and historian of ideas best known for his writings on liberalism, value pluralism, and the concept of negative and positive liberty.
  • D. Horace M. Kallen
    Horace M. Kallen was an American philosopher and cultural pluralist best known for developing the concept of cultural pluralism in the United States and advocating for ethnic diversity and Zionism.
  • E. Norman Finkelstein
    Norman Finkelstein is an American political scientist, author, and commentator known for his controversial critiques of Israeli policy and the politics surrounding the Holocaust.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e84a0d08819087e01863fcd9abf1 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:06 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2f16768c081909d05537ff070868b completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:45 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a4a14e37208190b4df8e75b6fe03fb completed March 1, 2026, 8:27 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a4a1d418d48190b69a8dc3f3554afc completed March 1, 2026, 8:30 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a4a27329fc8190aeb227266396c1a7 completed March 1, 2026, 8:32 p.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:12 p.m.