Triple

T5036925
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Richard W. Hamming E113447 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Digital Filters
"Digital Filters" is a foundational work in signal processing that systematically presents the theory, design, and practical implementation of filters for processing discrete-time signals.
E488678 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Digital Filters | Statement: [Richard W. Hamming, notableWork, Digital Filters]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Digital Filters
Context triple: [Richard W. Hamming, notableWork, Digital Filters]
  • A. DSP
    DSP is a series of U.S. military early-warning satellites designed to detect missile launches and nuclear explosions using infrared sensors.
  • B. Wiener filter
    The Wiener filter is a signal processing technique that optimally estimates a desired signal from noisy observations by minimizing the mean square error, based on statistical properties of signal and noise.
  • C. Neural Filters
    Neural Filters are Adobe Photoshop’s AI-powered tools that apply advanced, machine-learning-based adjustments and creative effects to images with minimal manual editing.
  • D. Digital Nas
    Digital Nas is a hip-hop producer and songwriter known for his work with prominent artists in the contemporary rap scene, including contributions to Kanye West’s music.
  • E. Fourier
    Fourier is a French surname most famously associated with Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier, the mathematician and physicist known for developing Fourier analysis and Fourier series.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Digital Filters
Triple: [Richard W. Hamming, notableWork, Digital Filters]
Generated description
"Digital Filters" is a foundational work in signal processing that systematically presents the theory, design, and practical implementation of filters for processing discrete-time signals.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Digital Filters
Target entity description: "Digital Filters" is a foundational work in signal processing that systematically presents the theory, design, and practical implementation of filters for processing discrete-time signals.
  • A. DSP
    DSP is a series of U.S. military early-warning satellites designed to detect missile launches and nuclear explosions using infrared sensors.
  • B. Wiener filter
    The Wiener filter is a signal processing technique that optimally estimates a desired signal from noisy observations by minimizing the mean square error, based on statistical properties of signal and noise.
  • C. Neural Filters
    Neural Filters are Adobe Photoshop’s AI-powered tools that apply advanced, machine-learning-based adjustments and creative effects to images with minimal manual editing.
  • D. Digital Nas
    Digital Nas is a hip-hop producer and songwriter known for his work with prominent artists in the contemporary rap scene, including contributions to Kanye West’s music.
  • E. Fourier
    Fourier is a French surname most famously associated with Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier, the mathematician and physicist known for developing Fourier analysis and Fourier series.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd44384298819089c49e7c330ec7b8 completed March 20, 2026, 12:57 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd73bb069c8190af86f1b2f95f3d95 completed March 20, 2026, 4:20 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69be9c79265081908512b39cc74161f8 completed March 21, 2026, 1:26 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69be9d517df88190bcd682badaca96c8 completed March 21, 2026, 1:29 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69be9dea9de48190805b1e3527b47a00 completed March 21, 2026, 1:32 p.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:37 p.m.