Triple
T4965222
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Stephen R. Carpenter |
E111506
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Trophic Cascades in Lakes
"Trophic Cascades in Lakes" is an influential ecological work that examines how changes at higher levels of lake food webs, such as predators, can indirectly shape lower trophic levels and overall lake ecosystem structure and function.
|
E483121
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Trophic Cascades in Lakes | Statement: [Stephen R. Carpenter, notableWork, Trophic Cascades in Lakes]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Trophic Cascades in Lakes Context triple: [Stephen R. Carpenter, notableWork, Trophic Cascades in Lakes]
-
A.
Treatise on Limnology
Treatise on Limnology is a foundational multi-volume scientific work that systematically explores the ecology, biology, chemistry, and physics of inland waters.
-
B.
Isle Royale wolf–moose study
The Isle Royale wolf–moose study is a landmark long-term ecological research project that examines predator–prey dynamics between wolves and moose on Isle Royale National Park in Lake Superior.
-
C.
Ecological Applications
Ecological Applications is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes research on the practical application of ecological science to environmental management and policy.
-
D.
Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems
Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems is a landmark 1973 book by theoretical ecologist Robert May that uses mathematical models to challenge the assumption that more complex ecosystems are inherently more stable.
-
E.
The Ecological Relations of the Vegetation on the Sand Dunes of Lake Michigan
The Ecological Relations of the Vegetation on the Sand Dunes of Lake Michigan is a pioneering ecological study that analyzes plant succession and environmental factors shaping dune vegetation along the Lake Michigan shoreline.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Trophic Cascades in Lakes Triple: [Stephen R. Carpenter, notableWork, Trophic Cascades in Lakes]
Generated description
"Trophic Cascades in Lakes" is an influential ecological work that examines how changes at higher levels of lake food webs, such as predators, can indirectly shape lower trophic levels and overall lake ecosystem structure and function.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Trophic Cascades in Lakes Target entity description: "Trophic Cascades in Lakes" is an influential ecological work that examines how changes at higher levels of lake food webs, such as predators, can indirectly shape lower trophic levels and overall lake ecosystem structure and function.
-
A.
Treatise on Limnology
Treatise on Limnology is a foundational multi-volume scientific work that systematically explores the ecology, biology, chemistry, and physics of inland waters.
-
B.
Isle Royale wolf–moose study
The Isle Royale wolf–moose study is a landmark long-term ecological research project that examines predator–prey dynamics between wolves and moose on Isle Royale National Park in Lake Superior.
-
C.
Ecological Applications
Ecological Applications is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes research on the practical application of ecological science to environmental management and policy.
-
D.
Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems
Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems is a landmark 1973 book by theoretical ecologist Robert May that uses mathematical models to challenge the assumption that more complex ecosystems are inherently more stable.
-
E.
The Ecological Relations of the Vegetation on the Sand Dunes of Lake Michigan
The Ecological Relations of the Vegetation on the Sand Dunes of Lake Michigan is a pioneering ecological study that analyzes plant succession and environmental factors shaping dune vegetation along the Lake Michigan shoreline.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69bd4419393c819086319a6fe4bf8542 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 12:56 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69bd71f693b48190b3523cd314303cbe |
completed | March 20, 2026, 4:12 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69be81f13988819097dcd5a65cb1f502 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 11:33 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69be83b10e048190889289ac2ca9f07f |
completed | March 21, 2026, 11:40 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69be843e2e50819099b2b73498c7c16e |
completed | March 21, 2026, 11:42 a.m. |
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:32 p.m.