Triple
T478399
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | S-matrix |
E9111
|
entity |
| Predicate | relatedConcept |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
LSZ reduction formula
The LSZ reduction formula is a key result in quantum field theory that relates time-ordered correlation functions of fields to observable scattering amplitudes in the S-matrix.
|
E59632
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: LSZ reduction formula | Statement: [S-matrix, relatedConcept, LSZ reduction formula]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: LSZ reduction formula Context triple: [S-matrix, relatedConcept, LSZ reduction formula]
-
A.
Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED
Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED is a landmark theoretical result that rigorously demonstrated the mathematical consistency and mutual compatibility of different approaches to quantum electrodynamics.
-
B.
S-matrix
The S-matrix (scattering matrix) is a fundamental construct in quantum field theory that encodes the probabilities for transitions between initial and final particle states in scattering processes.
-
C.
Feynman rules
Feynman rules are a set of prescriptions in quantum field theory that translate particle interactions into mathematical expressions using Feynman diagrams to compute scattering amplitudes and other physical quantities.
-
D.
Feynman diagrams
Feynman diagrams are graphical representations used in quantum field theory to visualize and calculate particle interactions and processes.
-
E.
Feynman path integral
The Feynman path integral is a formulation of quantum mechanics in which a particle’s behavior is described as a sum over all possible paths it can take, each weighted by a phase factor derived from the classical action.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: LSZ reduction formula Triple: [S-matrix, relatedConcept, LSZ reduction formula]
Generated description
The LSZ reduction formula is a key result in quantum field theory that relates time-ordered correlation functions of fields to observable scattering amplitudes in the S-matrix.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: LSZ reduction formula Target entity description: The LSZ reduction formula is a key result in quantum field theory that relates time-ordered correlation functions of fields to observable scattering amplitudes in the S-matrix.
-
A.
Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED
Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED is a landmark theoretical result that rigorously demonstrated the mathematical consistency and mutual compatibility of different approaches to quantum electrodynamics.
-
B.
S-matrix
The S-matrix (scattering matrix) is a fundamental construct in quantum field theory that encodes the probabilities for transitions between initial and final particle states in scattering processes.
-
C.
Feynman rules
Feynman rules are a set of prescriptions in quantum field theory that translate particle interactions into mathematical expressions using Feynman diagrams to compute scattering amplitudes and other physical quantities.
-
D.
Feynman diagrams
Feynman diagrams are graphical representations used in quantum field theory to visualize and calculate particle interactions and processes.
-
E.
Feynman path integral
The Feynman path integral is a formulation of quantum mechanics in which a particle’s behavior is described as a sum over all possible paths it can take, each weighted by a phase factor derived from the classical action.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a2e7ff81708190b0507a24a997232c |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:05 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a2f03f3fbc81909af6e4496d5e6c2a |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:40 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a46804b90881908422851eeb9bbba1 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 4:23 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a46901d5c08190af7ea8b01206505c |
completed | March 1, 2026, 4:27 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a4696c35c08190890e8159983e2efb |
completed | March 1, 2026, 4:29 p.m. |
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:12 p.m.