Triple
T4681193
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Nikolay Bogolyubov |
E103805
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Bogoliubov transformation
The Bogoliubov transformation is a mathematical change of basis used in quantum field theory and many-body physics to diagonalize Hamiltonians by mixing creation and annihilation operators, enabling the description of quasiparticles and phenomena like superconductivity.
|
E461415
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Bogoliubov transformation | Statement: [Nikolay Bogolyubov, notableWork, Bogoliubov transformation]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bogoliubov transformation Context triple: [Nikolay Bogolyubov, notableWork, Bogoliubov transformation]
-
A.
Jordan–Wigner transformation
The Jordan–Wigner transformation is a mathematical mapping in quantum many-body physics that converts spin operators into fermionic creation and annihilation operators, enabling the study of spin systems using fermionic methods.
-
B.
Wick’s theorem
Wick’s theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that expresses time-ordered products of field operators as sums of normal-ordered products with all possible contractions, forming the basis for deriving Feynman rules and diagrammatic expansions.
-
C.
Infeld–van der Waerden formalism
The Infeld–van der Waerden formalism is a mathematical framework in general relativity that reformulates the theory using spinor calculus to describe gravitational and electromagnetic fields.
-
D.
Onsager algebra
The Onsager algebra is an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra introduced in the study of exactly solvable models in statistical mechanics, particularly the two-dimensional Ising model.
-
E.
Born–Huang expansion
The Born–Huang expansion is a quantum mechanical method that systematically improves upon the Born–Oppenheimer approximation by including couplings between electronic and nuclear motions in molecular systems.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Bogoliubov transformation Triple: [Nikolay Bogolyubov, notableWork, Bogoliubov transformation]
Generated description
The Bogoliubov transformation is a mathematical change of basis used in quantum field theory and many-body physics to diagonalize Hamiltonians by mixing creation and annihilation operators, enabling the description of quasiparticles and phenomena like superconductivity.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bogoliubov transformation Target entity description: The Bogoliubov transformation is a mathematical change of basis used in quantum field theory and many-body physics to diagonalize Hamiltonians by mixing creation and annihilation operators, enabling the description of quasiparticles and phenomena like superconductivity.
-
A.
Jordan–Wigner transformation
The Jordan–Wigner transformation is a mathematical mapping in quantum many-body physics that converts spin operators into fermionic creation and annihilation operators, enabling the study of spin systems using fermionic methods.
-
B.
Wick’s theorem
Wick’s theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that expresses time-ordered products of field operators as sums of normal-ordered products with all possible contractions, forming the basis for deriving Feynman rules and diagrammatic expansions.
-
C.
Infeld–van der Waerden formalism
The Infeld–van der Waerden formalism is a mathematical framework in general relativity that reformulates the theory using spinor calculus to describe gravitational and electromagnetic fields.
-
D.
Onsager algebra
The Onsager algebra is an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra introduced in the study of exactly solvable models in statistical mechanics, particularly the two-dimensional Ising model.
-
E.
Born–Huang expansion
The Born–Huang expansion is a quantum mechanical method that systematically improves upon the Born–Oppenheimer approximation by including couplings between electronic and nuclear motions in molecular systems.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69bd43debbf08190b4bc372e286ec234 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 12:55 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69bd636d306081908ff512896f54cb10 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 3:10 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69be03ac44d481908ecb1fe84184a886 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 2:34 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69be048d53d08190a72fb6d2e788e3c9 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 2:38 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69be0529868c8190b20e8966315b263a |
completed | March 21, 2026, 2:40 a.m. |
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:16 p.m.