Triple

T4659044
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Franz Ernst Neumann E102481 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory
Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory specify that the normal derivative of a potential function on a boundary is prescribed, modeling situations where flux across the boundary is controlled rather than the potential itself.
E458005 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory | Statement: [Franz Ernst Neumann, notableWork, Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory
Context triple: [Franz Ernst Neumann, notableWork, Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory]
  • A. Monge–Ampère equation
    The Monge–Ampère equation is a fully nonlinear partial differential equation central to differential geometry, optimal transport, and several complex variables, often used to study curvature and geometric structures.
  • B. Hilbert’s twenty-second problem
    Hilbert’s twenty-second problem is one of David Hilbert’s famous list of 23 problems, concerning the uniformization of analytic relations and the representation of multi-valued analytic functions by single-valued ones on suitable Riemann surfaces.
  • C. Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions
    "Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions" is a landmark mathematical monograph by Elias M. Stein that developed the modern theory of singular integral operators and their role in harmonic analysis and differentiability.
  • D. Israel–Carter–Robinson uniqueness theorems
    The Israel–Carter–Robinson uniqueness theorems are a set of results in general relativity showing that stationary, asymptotically flat black holes in four-dimensional spacetime are completely characterized by just their mass, charge, and angular momentum.
  • E. Hadamard’s example of ill-posed problems
    Hadamard’s example of ill-posed problems is a classical mathematical construction illustrating how small changes in input data can cause large, unstable changes in solutions, thereby violating the standard criteria for well-posedness in analysis and partial differential equations.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory
Triple: [Franz Ernst Neumann, notableWork, Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory]
Generated description
Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory specify that the normal derivative of a potential function on a boundary is prescribed, modeling situations where flux across the boundary is controlled rather than the potential itself.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory
Target entity description: Neumann boundary conditions in potential theory specify that the normal derivative of a potential function on a boundary is prescribed, modeling situations where flux across the boundary is controlled rather than the potential itself.
  • A. Monge–Ampère equation
    The Monge–Ampère equation is a fully nonlinear partial differential equation central to differential geometry, optimal transport, and several complex variables, often used to study curvature and geometric structures.
  • B. Hilbert’s twenty-second problem
    Hilbert’s twenty-second problem is one of David Hilbert’s famous list of 23 problems, concerning the uniformization of analytic relations and the representation of multi-valued analytic functions by single-valued ones on suitable Riemann surfaces.
  • C. Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions
    "Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions" is a landmark mathematical monograph by Elias M. Stein that developed the modern theory of singular integral operators and their role in harmonic analysis and differentiability.
  • D. Israel–Carter–Robinson uniqueness theorems
    The Israel–Carter–Robinson uniqueness theorems are a set of results in general relativity showing that stationary, asymptotically flat black holes in four-dimensional spacetime are completely characterized by just their mass, charge, and angular momentum.
  • E. Hadamard’s example of ill-posed problems
    Hadamard’s example of ill-posed problems is a classical mathematical construction illustrating how small changes in input data can cause large, unstable changes in solutions, thereby violating the standard criteria for well-posedness in analysis and partial differential equations.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43d823288190952279faa0d1d066 completed March 20, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd63271a548190bd9662b69a45d9a5 completed March 20, 2026, 3:09 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bdfaf9564c819094b9340570a7616b completed March 21, 2026, 1:57 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bdfca9a520819097d90f4f94b46e87 completed March 21, 2026, 2:04 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69bdfd28b67c819094e71f35c7fbb4b5 completed March 21, 2026, 2:06 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:15 p.m.