Triple

T462064
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Ludwig Boltzmann E7359 entity
Predicate influencedBy P9 FINISHED
Object Rudolf Clausius
Rudolf Clausius was a 19th-century German physicist and mathematician who was a founding figure of thermodynamics, best known for formulating the second law and introducing the concept of entropy.
E62506 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Rudolf Clausius | Statement: [Ludwig Boltzmann, influencedBy, Rudolf Clausius]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rudolf Clausius
Context triple: [Ludwig Boltzmann, influencedBy, Rudolf Clausius]
  • A. Ludwig Boltzmann
    Ludwig Boltzmann was an Austrian physicist and one of the founders of statistical mechanics, whose work established the statistical nature of thermodynamics and the microscopic interpretation of entropy.
  • B. Walther Nernst
    Walther Nernst was a German physical chemist and Nobel laureate renowned for formulating the Nernst equation and contributing fundamentally to thermodynamics and electrochemistry.
  • C. Gustav Kirchhoff
    Gustav Kirchhoff was a 19th-century German physicist best known for formulating Kirchhoff's circuit laws and making foundational contributions to spectroscopy and thermal radiation.
  • D. Josef Stefan
    Josef Stefan was a 19th-century Austrian physicist best known for formulating the Stefan–Boltzmann law relating the temperature of a black body to its radiant energy.
  • E. Max Planck
    Max Planck was a German theoretical physicist regarded as the founder of quantum theory and a key figure in modern physics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Rudolf Clausius
Triple: [Ludwig Boltzmann, influencedBy, Rudolf Clausius]
Generated description
Rudolf Clausius was a 19th-century German physicist and mathematician who was a founding figure of thermodynamics, best known for formulating the second law and introducing the concept of entropy.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rudolf Clausius
Target entity description: Rudolf Clausius was a 19th-century German physicist and mathematician who was a founding figure of thermodynamics, best known for formulating the second law and introducing the concept of entropy.
  • A. Ludwig Boltzmann
    Ludwig Boltzmann was an Austrian physicist and one of the founders of statistical mechanics, whose work established the statistical nature of thermodynamics and the microscopic interpretation of entropy.
  • B. Walther Nernst
    Walther Nernst was a German physical chemist and Nobel laureate renowned for formulating the Nernst equation and contributing fundamentally to thermodynamics and electrochemistry.
  • C. Gustav Kirchhoff
    Gustav Kirchhoff was a 19th-century German physicist best known for formulating Kirchhoff's circuit laws and making foundational contributions to spectroscopy and thermal radiation.
  • D. Josef Stefan
    Josef Stefan was a 19th-century Austrian physicist best known for formulating the Stefan–Boltzmann law relating the temperature of a black body to its radiant energy.
  • E. Max Planck
    Max Planck was a German theoretical physicist regarded as the founder of quantum theory and a key figure in modern physics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e7e5c5bc8190a1dc8178218fba40 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:04 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2efc09eac8190add4bb5823b53ba7 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:38 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a4853f45a48190ba551efc9d1fbfed completed March 1, 2026, 6:28 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a48608e55481908451593d6270531d completed March 1, 2026, 6:31 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a4865faf0881908167dbc03a1b9da6 completed March 1, 2026, 6:33 p.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:12 p.m.