Triple

T462048
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Ludwig Boltzmann E7359 entity
Predicate notableIdea P4 FINISHED
Object H-theorem
The H-theorem is Boltzmann’s foundational result in statistical mechanics that explains the irreversible increase of entropy in a gas from time-reversible microscopic dynamics, providing a key link between mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics.
E57430 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: H-theorem | Statement: [Ludwig Boltzmann, notableIdea, H-theorem]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: H-theorem
Context triple: [Ludwig Boltzmann, notableIdea, H-theorem]
  • A. Bekenstein–Hawking entropy
    Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is the thermodynamic entropy associated with a black hole, proportional to the area of its event horizon and fundamental in linking gravity, quantum theory, and thermodynamics.
  • B. Feynman–Hellmann theorem
    The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
  • C. Shannon–Khinchin axioms
    The Shannon–Khinchin axioms are a set of fundamental conditions that uniquely characterize Shannon entropy as the standard measure of information and uncertainty in probability theory and information theory.
  • D. Bekenstein bound
    The Bekenstein bound is a theoretical limit in physics on the maximum amount of information or entropy that can be contained within a finite region of space with a given amount of energy.
  • E. Noether's theorem
    Noether's theorem is a fundamental result in theoretical physics and mathematics that links continuous symmetries of a physical system to corresponding conservation laws, such as energy or momentum conservation.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: H-theorem
Triple: [Ludwig Boltzmann, notableIdea, H-theorem]
Generated description
The H-theorem is Boltzmann’s foundational result in statistical mechanics that explains the irreversible increase of entropy in a gas from time-reversible microscopic dynamics, providing a key link between mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: H-theorem
Target entity description: The H-theorem is Boltzmann’s foundational result in statistical mechanics that explains the irreversible increase of entropy in a gas from time-reversible microscopic dynamics, providing a key link between mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics.
  • A. Bekenstein–Hawking entropy
    Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is the thermodynamic entropy associated with a black hole, proportional to the area of its event horizon and fundamental in linking gravity, quantum theory, and thermodynamics.
  • B. Feynman–Hellmann theorem
    The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
  • C. Shannon–Khinchin axioms
    The Shannon–Khinchin axioms are a set of fundamental conditions that uniquely characterize Shannon entropy as the standard measure of information and uncertainty in probability theory and information theory.
  • D. Bekenstein bound
    The Bekenstein bound is a theoretical limit in physics on the maximum amount of information or entropy that can be contained within a finite region of space with a given amount of energy.
  • E. Noether's theorem
    Noether's theorem is a fundamental result in theoretical physics and mathematics that links continuous symmetries of a physical system to corresponding conservation laws, such as energy or momentum conservation.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e7e5c5bc8190a1dc8178218fba40 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:04 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2efc09eac8190add4bb5823b53ba7 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:38 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a44f59e9348190a53c1734b95bc2c3 completed March 1, 2026, 2:38 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a44fb74a4481908538fa126571f803 completed March 1, 2026, 2:39 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a45011a750819098d2ce4908439eb1 completed March 1, 2026, 2:41 p.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:12 p.m.