Triple

T461621
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics E7350 entity
Predicate developedBy P73 FINISHED
Object Ludwig Boltzmann E7359 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Ludwig Boltzmann | Statement: [Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics, developedBy, Ludwig Boltzmann]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ludwig Boltzmann
Context triple: [Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics, developedBy, Ludwig Boltzmann]
  • A. Ludwig Boltzmann chosen
    Ludwig Boltzmann was an Austrian physicist and one of the founders of statistical mechanics, whose work established the statistical nature of thermodynamics and the microscopic interpretation of entropy.
  • B. Walther Nernst
    Walther Nernst was a German physical chemist and Nobel laureate renowned for formulating the Nernst equation and contributing fundamentally to thermodynamics and electrochemistry.
  • C. Max Planck
    Max Planck was a German theoretical physicist regarded as the founder of quantum theory and a key figure in modern physics.
  • D. Ernst Mach
    Ernst Mach was an Austrian physicist and philosopher whose empiricist ideas about science and perception significantly shaped the development of logical positivism and modern philosophy of science.
  • E. Arnold Sommerfeld
    Arnold Sommerfeld was a pioneering German theoretical physicist whose work in atomic and quantum theory significantly shaped modern physics and influenced generations of prominent scientists.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e7e5c5bc8190a1dc8178218fba40 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:04 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2efbed5b88190a45716812eb4cfdf completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:38 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a467fd7cc48190b00982c4f1c41eaf completed March 1, 2026, 4:23 p.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:12 p.m.