Triple
T4597579
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Lorentz–Lorenz equation |
E100241
|
entity |
| Predicate | namedAfter |
P63
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Ludwig Lorenz
Ludwig Lorenz was a 19th-century Danish physicist known for his work in electromagnetism and optics, including formulating the Lorenz gauge condition and contributing to the Lorentz–Lorenz relation.
|
E642483
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Ludwig Lorenz | Statement: [Lorentz–Lorenz equation, namedAfter, Ludwig Lorenz]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ludwig Lorenz Context triple: [Lorentz–Lorenz equation, namedAfter, Ludwig Lorenz]
-
A.
Ludwig Geiger
Ludwig Geiger was a German historian and literary scholar known for his work on German humanism and the Reformation.
-
B.
Ludwig Lange
Ludwig Lange was a 19th-century German architect known for his neoclassical designs and influential work on major public buildings in Europe.
-
C.
Ludwig Borchardt
Ludwig Borchardt was a German Egyptologist and archaeologist best known for his early 20th-century excavations in Egypt and the discovery of the bust of Nefertiti.
-
D.
Philipp Ludwig von Seidel
Philipp Ludwig von Seidel was a 19th-century German mathematician known for his contributions to numerical analysis and optics, including work that led to the Gauss–Seidel iterative method.
-
E.
Friedrich Wilhelm Unger
Friedrich Wilhelm Unger was a German scholar and translator known for his contributions to classical philology and the study of ancient Greek literature.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Ludwig Lorenz Triple: [Lorentz–Lorenz equation, namedAfter, Ludwig Lorenz]
Generated description
Ludwig Lorenz was a 19th-century Danish physicist known for his work in electromagnetism and optics, including formulating the Lorenz gauge condition and contributing to the Lorentz–Lorenz relation.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ludwig Lorenz Target entity description: Ludwig Lorenz was a 19th-century Danish physicist known for his work in electromagnetism and optics, including formulating the Lorenz gauge condition and contributing to the Lorentz–Lorenz relation.
-
A.
Ludwig Geiger
Ludwig Geiger was a German historian and literary scholar known for his work on German humanism and the Reformation.
-
B.
Ludwig Lange
Ludwig Lange was a 19th-century German architect known for his neoclassical designs and influential work on major public buildings in Europe.
-
C.
Ludwig Borchardt
Ludwig Borchardt was a German Egyptologist and archaeologist best known for his early 20th-century excavations in Egypt and the discovery of the bust of Nefertiti.
-
D.
Philipp Ludwig von Seidel
Philipp Ludwig von Seidel was a 19th-century German mathematician known for his contributions to numerical analysis and optics, including work that led to the Gauss–Seidel iterative method.
-
E.
Friedrich Wilhelm Unger
Friedrich Wilhelm Unger was a German scholar and translator known for his contributions to classical philology and the study of ancient Greek literature.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69bd43cbc014819098b45f435908f88a |
completed | March 20, 2026, 12:55 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69bd59420c108190b5c2c5039e964da5 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 2:27 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c79c6a0fdc8190be37008d4f036e51 |
completed | March 28, 2026, 9:16 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69c79e48056081909eac95bf6ebdb209 |
completed | March 28, 2026, 9:24 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69c79f0b2a6c819091a2d72942f8f8c5 |
completed | March 28, 2026, 9:27 a.m. |
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:11 p.m.