Triple
T4393308
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Compton effect |
E99416
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasClassicalLimit |
P9149
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Thomson scattering
Thomson scattering is the low-energy, classical limit of photon–electron scattering in which electromagnetic radiation is elastically scattered by free charged particles, especially electrons.
|
E436131
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (5 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Thomson scattering | Statement: [Compton effect, hasClassicalLimit, Thomson scattering]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Thomson scattering Context triple: [Compton effect, hasClassicalLimit, Thomson scattering]
-
A.
Thomson cross section
The Thomson cross section is a fundamental physical constant that quantifies the effective area for low-energy (classical) scattering of electromagnetic radiation by a free charged particle, typically an electron.
-
B.
Rayleigh scattering
Rayleigh scattering is the physical phenomenon in which light or other electromagnetic radiation is elastically scattered by particles much smaller than its wavelength, explaining effects such as the blue color of the daytime sky.
-
C.
Compton effect
The Compton effect is the increase in wavelength (and corresponding decrease in energy) of X-rays or gamma rays when they scatter off electrons, providing key evidence for the particle nature of light.
-
D.
Klein–Nishina formula
The Klein–Nishina formula is a fundamental result in quantum electrodynamics that gives the differential cross section for Compton scattering of photons by free electrons, incorporating relativistic and quantum effects.
-
E.
Bremsstrahlung
Bremsstrahlung is electromagnetic radiation emitted when charged particles, such as electrons, are decelerated or deflected by the electric fields of atomic nuclei.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Thomson scattering Triple: [Compton effect, hasClassicalLimit, Thomson scattering]
Generated description
Thomson scattering is the low-energy, classical limit of photon–electron scattering in which electromagnetic radiation is elastically scattered by free charged particles, especially electrons.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Thomson scattering Target entity description: Thomson scattering is the low-energy, classical limit of photon–electron scattering in which electromagnetic radiation is elastically scattered by free charged particles, especially electrons.
-
A.
Thomson cross section
The Thomson cross section is a fundamental physical constant that quantifies the effective area for low-energy (classical) scattering of electromagnetic radiation by a free charged particle, typically an electron.
-
B.
Rayleigh scattering
Rayleigh scattering is the physical phenomenon in which light or other electromagnetic radiation is elastically scattered by particles much smaller than its wavelength, explaining effects such as the blue color of the daytime sky.
-
C.
Compton effect
The Compton effect is the increase in wavelength (and corresponding decrease in energy) of X-rays or gamma rays when they scatter off electrons, providing key evidence for the particle nature of light.
-
D.
Klein–Nishina formula
The Klein–Nishina formula is a fundamental result in quantum electrodynamics that gives the differential cross section for Compton scattering of photons by free electrons, incorporating relativistic and quantum effects.
-
E.
Bremsstrahlung
Bremsstrahlung is electromagnetic radiation emitted when charged particles, such as electrons, are decelerated or deflected by the electric fields of atomic nuclei.
- F. None of above. chosen
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: hasClassicalLimit Context triple: [Compton effect, hasClassicalLimit, Thomson scattering]
-
A.
isLimitOf
chosen
Indicates that one quantity, function, or sequence approaches a particular value as its input or index approaches some specified point or condition.
-
B.
hasLimitation
Indicates that an entity is subject to a constraint, restriction, or boundary that limits its scope, capability, or applicability.
-
C.
hasHigherClass
Indicates that one entity belongs to a higher rank, level, or category in a hierarchy than another entity.
-
D.
gLimit
Indicates a constraint or maximum boundary imposed on the magnitude, rate, or extent of something within a given context.
-
E.
hasLimitedCorpus
Indicates that the associated entity possesses only a small or restricted set of available data, texts, or examples for use or analysis.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (6 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69b345506b408190b0e3dee616738a7d |
completed | March 12, 2026, 10:59 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69b352a8862481909dc67abf42be6928 |
completed | March 12, 2026, 11:56 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b5e53385508190ac1261c44672070b |
completed | March 14, 2026, 10:46 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b5e666bcbc819083bbb60309d689e7 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 10:51 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b5e6c780248190a2101f35f47ae374 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 10:52 p.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69b34f597998819092477efdedb51427 |
completed | March 12, 2026, 11:42 p.m. |
Created at: March 12, 2026, 11:19 p.m.