Triple
T4390155
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Duke of Apulia and Calabria |
E99341
|
entity |
| Predicate | partOf |
P40
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Norman principalities in Italy
The Norman principalities in Italy were a collection of medieval feudal states established by Norman adventurers in southern Italy and Sicily, which became powerful political and military players in the central Mediterranean.
|
E98520
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Norman principalities in Italy | Statement: [Duke of Apulia and Calabria, partOf, Norman principalities in Italy]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Norman principalities in Italy Context triple: [Duke of Apulia and Calabria, partOf, Norman principalities in Italy]
-
A.
Lombard principalities
The Lombard principalities were a group of early medieval states in southern Italy ruled by Lombard nobles, which played a key role in the region’s political and cultural landscape before the rise of Norman power.
-
B.
Principality of Salerno
The Principality of Salerno was a medieval Lombard state in southern Italy that became an important political and cultural center before being absorbed into the Norman Kingdom of Sicily.
-
C.
Norman conquest of southern Italy
The Norman conquest of southern Italy was an 11th-century series of military campaigns by Norman adventurers that led to their control over much of southern Italy and Sicily, reshaping the region’s political and cultural landscape.
-
D.
Lordship of Milan
The Lordship of Milan was a medieval Italian state centered on the city of Milan that preceded its elevation to the more powerful and prestigious Duchy of Milan.
-
E.
Kingdom of Sicily
The Kingdom of Sicily was a significant Mediterranean monarchy that encompassed southern Italy and the island of Sicily, playing a key role in European politics and trade from the Middle Ages through the early modern period.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Norman principalities in Italy Triple: [Duke of Apulia and Calabria, partOf, Norman principalities in Italy]
Generated description
The Norman principalities in Italy were a collection of medieval feudal states established by Norman adventurers in southern Italy and Sicily, which became powerful political and military players in the central Mediterranean.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Norman principalities in Italy Target entity description: The Norman principalities in Italy were a collection of medieval feudal states established by Norman adventurers in southern Italy and Sicily, which became powerful political and military players in the central Mediterranean.
-
A.
Lombard principalities
The Lombard principalities were a group of early medieval states in southern Italy ruled by Lombard nobles, which played a key role in the region’s political and cultural landscape before the rise of Norman power.
-
B.
Principality of Salerno
The Principality of Salerno was a medieval Lombard state in southern Italy that became an important political and cultural center before being absorbed into the Norman Kingdom of Sicily.
-
C.
Norman conquest of southern Italy
chosen
The Norman conquest of southern Italy was an 11th-century series of military campaigns by Norman adventurers that led to their control over much of southern Italy and Sicily, reshaping the region’s political and cultural landscape.
-
D.
Lordship of Milan
The Lordship of Milan was a medieval Italian state centered on the city of Milan that preceded its elevation to the more powerful and prestigious Duchy of Milan.
-
E.
Kingdom of Sicily
The Kingdom of Sicily was a significant Mediterranean monarchy that encompassed southern Italy and the island of Sicily, playing a key role in European politics and trade from the Middle Ages through the early modern period.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69b3454f739481909ff6c28331f0c0b9 |
completed | March 12, 2026, 10:59 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69b35282cb2c8190856da20bb87e88ff |
completed | March 12, 2026, 11:55 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b5e52d63c08190bc98c090cfe0ff1c |
completed | March 14, 2026, 10:46 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b5e5b3ba208190b6cb5e40f9e744e8 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 10:48 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b5e62af694819086b3eddb71f591d2 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 10:50 p.m. |
Created at: March 12, 2026, 11:19 p.m.