Triple
T423737
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | I. I. Rabi |
E8159
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableStudent |
P4838
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Norman Ramsey
Norman Ramsey was an American physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for developing the separated oscillatory field method, which enabled highly precise atomic clocks and advanced nuclear magnetic resonance techniques.
|
E73545
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Norman Ramsey | Statement: [I. I. Rabi, notableStudent, Norman Ramsey]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Norman Ramsey Context triple: [I. I. Rabi, notableStudent, Norman Ramsey]
-
A.
I. I. Rabi
I. I. Rabi was a Nobel Prize–winning American physicist renowned for his pioneering work in nuclear magnetic resonance and contributions to quantum physics.
-
B.
Charles Hard Townes
Charles Hard Townes was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for his pioneering work in quantum electronics that led to the development of the maser and laser.
-
C.
Edward M. Purcell
Edward M. Purcell was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance, which laid the foundation for technologies such as MRI.
-
D.
Robert B. Leighton
Robert B. Leighton was an American experimental physicist and educator known for his contributions to cosmic-ray and infrared astronomy and for coauthoring the influential Feynman Lectures on Physics.
-
E.
Daniel Kleppner
Daniel Kleppner is an American physicist renowned for his pioneering work in atomic physics and contributions to the development of Bose–Einstein condensation.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Norman Ramsey Triple: [I. I. Rabi, notableStudent, Norman Ramsey]
Generated description
Norman Ramsey was an American physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for developing the separated oscillatory field method, which enabled highly precise atomic clocks and advanced nuclear magnetic resonance techniques.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Norman Ramsey Target entity description: Norman Ramsey was an American physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for developing the separated oscillatory field method, which enabled highly precise atomic clocks and advanced nuclear magnetic resonance techniques.
-
A.
I. I. Rabi
I. I. Rabi was a Nobel Prize–winning American physicist renowned for his pioneering work in nuclear magnetic resonance and contributions to quantum physics.
-
B.
Charles Hard Townes
Charles Hard Townes was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for his pioneering work in quantum electronics that led to the development of the maser and laser.
-
C.
Edward M. Purcell
Edward M. Purcell was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance, which laid the foundation for technologies such as MRI.
-
D.
Robert B. Leighton
Robert B. Leighton was an American experimental physicist and educator known for his contributions to cosmic-ray and infrared astronomy and for coauthoring the influential Feynman Lectures on Physics.
-
E.
Daniel Kleppner
Daniel Kleppner is an American physicist renowned for his pioneering work in atomic physics and contributions to the development of Bose–Einstein condensation.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a2e7f1d1bc81909cf2dc9754a3c334 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:04 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a2eed3e4cc8190ba6aff3bd1adb06f |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:34 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a5103417008190ab3755dbba5f7622 |
completed | March 2, 2026, 4:21 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a510cee8808190b9fad02e85f96af1 |
completed | March 2, 2026, 4:23 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a5113da3f881909abea82da8fb31d5 |
completed | March 2, 2026, 4:25 a.m. |
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:11 p.m.