Triple

T4227947
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Charles H. Bennett E94505 entity
Predicate coInvented P1858 FINISHED
Object BB84 quantum key distribution protocol
The BB84 quantum key distribution protocol is a pioneering cryptographic scheme that uses quantum properties of photons to enable two parties to establish a shared secret key with security guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics.
E422683 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: BB84 quantum key distribution protocol | Statement: [Charles H. Bennett, coInvented, BB84 quantum key distribution protocol]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: BB84 quantum key distribution protocol
Context triple: [Charles H. Bennett, coInvented, BB84 quantum key distribution protocol]
  • A. New Directions in Cryptography
    New Directions in Cryptography is a landmark 1976 paper that introduced the concepts of public-key cryptography and digital signatures, fundamentally reshaping modern cryptography and secure communications.
  • B. Quantum Fiber
    Quantum Fiber is a high-speed fiber-optic internet service brand operated by Lumen Technologies, offering residential and business broadband connectivity.
  • C. Diffie–Hellman key exchange
    Diffie–Hellman key exchange is a foundational cryptographic protocol that enables two parties to securely establish a shared secret over an insecure communication channel.
  • D. Merkle puzzles
    Merkle puzzles are an early cryptographic protocol that introduced the concept of public-key exchange by allowing two parties to establish a shared secret over an insecure channel using computationally asymmetric “puzzle” problems.
  • E. Reichenbach synchronization schemes
    Reichenbach synchronization schemes are a family of alternative clock-synchronization conventions in special relativity that generalize Einstein’s method by allowing different, yet empirically equivalent, choices for the one-way speed of light.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: BB84 quantum key distribution protocol
Triple: [Charles H. Bennett, coInvented, BB84 quantum key distribution protocol]
Generated description
The BB84 quantum key distribution protocol is a pioneering cryptographic scheme that uses quantum properties of photons to enable two parties to establish a shared secret key with security guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: BB84 quantum key distribution protocol
Target entity description: The BB84 quantum key distribution protocol is a pioneering cryptographic scheme that uses quantum properties of photons to enable two parties to establish a shared secret key with security guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics.
  • A. New Directions in Cryptography
    New Directions in Cryptography is a landmark 1976 paper that introduced the concepts of public-key cryptography and digital signatures, fundamentally reshaping modern cryptography and secure communications.
  • B. Quantum Fiber
    Quantum Fiber is a high-speed fiber-optic internet service brand operated by Lumen Technologies, offering residential and business broadband connectivity.
  • C. Diffie–Hellman key exchange
    Diffie–Hellman key exchange is a foundational cryptographic protocol that enables two parties to securely establish a shared secret over an insecure communication channel.
  • D. Merkle puzzles
    Merkle puzzles are an early cryptographic protocol that introduced the concept of public-key exchange by allowing two parties to establish a shared secret over an insecure channel using computationally asymmetric “puzzle” problems.
  • E. Reichenbach synchronization schemes
    Reichenbach synchronization schemes are a family of alternative clock-synchronization conventions in special relativity that generalize Einstein’s method by allowing different, yet empirically equivalent, choices for the one-way speed of light.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69b3453700a08190ae88792e3dc63207 completed March 12, 2026, 10:59 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69b34e5003008190834726e46df3ee9b completed March 12, 2026, 11:37 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b5964a388881908038e5a612424b9b completed March 14, 2026, 5:09 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b596cb73ac81909f83daca406ad8c4 completed March 14, 2026, 5:11 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b59a9c386081909c21ad554d403bfc completed March 14, 2026, 5:27 p.m.
Created at: March 12, 2026, 11:04 p.m.