Triple
T4163894
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Big Bang cosmology |
E84394
|
entity |
| Predicate | associatedWith |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Arno Penzias |
E188968
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Arno Penzias | Statement: [Big Bang cosmology, associatedWith, Arno Penzias]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Arno Penzias Context triple: [Big Bang cosmology, associatedWith, Arno Penzias]
-
A.
Arno Penzias
chosen
Arno Penzias is a Nobel Prize–winning physicist best known for his co-discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation, which provided key evidence for the Big Bang theory.
-
B.
Robert H. Dicke
Robert H. Dicke was an influential American physicist known for his pioneering work in gravitation, cosmology, and microwave physics, including contributions that helped establish the Big Bang theory.
-
C.
Karl Guthe Jansky
Karl Guthe Jansky was an American physicist and radio engineer who pioneered radio astronomy by discovering radio waves emanating from the Milky Way.
-
D.
Bruno Rossi
Bruno Rossi was an Italian experimental physicist and pioneer in cosmic-ray and high-energy astrophysics who played a key role in early nuclear research and space science.
-
E.
Riccardo Giacconi
Riccardo Giacconi was an Italian-American astrophysicist and Nobel laureate widely regarded as a pioneer of X-ray astronomy.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69aed932cab48190b80ffe35f7029ae1 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 2:29 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69af02a9bf348190b99cecd19fe65779 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 5:26 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b57f478c948190a997e006015e588d |
completed | March 14, 2026, 3:31 p.m. |
Created at: March 9, 2026, 3:44 p.m.