Triple

T4094023
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Mathematics of Computation E87769 entity
Predicate foundedBy P104 FINISHED
Object R. E. Langer
R. E. Langer was an American mathematician known for his contributions to applied mathematics and for helping establish influential platforms for mathematical research and computation.
 E418550 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: R. E. Langer | Statement: [Mathematics of Computation, foundedBy, R. E. Langer]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: R. E. Langer
Context triple: [Mathematics of Computation, foundedBy, R. E. Langer]
  • A. Milburn G. Apt
    Milburn G. Apt was a United States Air Force test pilot and the first person to exceed Mach 3, who died in the crash of the Bell X-2 during a record-setting flight in 1956.
  • B. Donald F. Hornig
    Donald F. Hornig was an American chemist and science advisor who served as a key presidential science counselor, notably to President Lyndon B. Johnson.
  • C. Robert J. Kolenkow
    Robert J. Kolenkow is a physicist and educator best known as the co-author of the influential undergraduate textbook "An Introduction to Mechanics."
  • D. Richard H. Kline
    Richard H. Kline was an American cinematographer known for his work on major Hollywood films from the 1960s through the 1980s, including visually ambitious projects like the 1976 remake of King Kong.
  • E. Robert C. Post
    Robert C. Post is a prominent American legal scholar and constitutional law expert who has served as a professor and former dean of Yale Law School.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: R. E. Langer
Triple: [Mathematics of Computation, foundedBy, R. E. Langer]
Generated description
R. E. Langer was an American mathematician known for his contributions to applied mathematics and for helping establish influential platforms for mathematical research and computation.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: R. E. Langer
Target entity description: R. E. Langer was an American mathematician known for his contributions to applied mathematics and for helping establish influential platforms for mathematical research and computation.
  • A. Milburn G. Apt
    Milburn G. Apt was a United States Air Force test pilot and the first person to exceed Mach 3, who died in the crash of the Bell X-2 during a record-setting flight in 1956.
  • B. Donald F. Hornig
    Donald F. Hornig was an American chemist and science advisor who served as a key presidential science counselor, notably to President Lyndon B. Johnson.
  • C. Robert J. Kolenkow
    Robert J. Kolenkow is a physicist and educator best known as the co-author of the influential undergraduate textbook "An Introduction to Mechanics."
  • D. Richard H. Kline
    Richard H. Kline was an American cinematographer known for his work on major Hollywood films from the 1960s through the 1980s, including visually ambitious projects like the 1976 remake of King Kong.
  • E. Robert C. Post
    Robert C. Post is a prominent American legal scholar and constitutional law expert who has served as a professor and former dean of Yale Law School.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69aed94425148190be337845d56fac22 completed March 9, 2026, 2:29 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69aefcdc1ce08190922f55f812b0fda3 completed March 9, 2026, 5:01 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b57f1d1ab081909b7999e8feede458 completed March 14, 2026, 3:30 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b5832543f48190ae0cc33a7ee7bdae completed March 14, 2026, 3:47 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b583c5ec9c8190908ba784dc61e09c completed March 14, 2026, 3:50 p.m.
Created at: March 9, 2026, 3:40 p.m.