Triple
T4091833
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Rolf Landauer |
E87720
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Landauer–Büttiker formalism
The Landauer–Büttiker formalism is a theoretical framework in mesoscopic physics that describes electrical conductance in terms of quantum transmission of electrons through scattering channels.
|
E412901
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Landauer–Büttiker formalism | Statement: [Rolf Landauer, knownFor, Landauer–Büttiker formalism]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Landauer–Büttiker formalism Context triple: [Rolf Landauer, knownFor, Landauer–Büttiker formalism]
-
A.
Landau–Zener formula
The Landau–Zener formula is a quantum mechanical result that gives the probability of non-adiabatic transitions between energy levels during an avoided crossing when a system’s parameters are varied in time.
-
B.
Eliashberg theory
Eliashberg theory is an extension of BCS superconductivity that incorporates strong-coupling and frequency-dependent effects to more accurately describe real superconducting materials.
-
C.
Luttinger liquid theory
Luttinger liquid theory is a framework describing the collective, non-Fermi-liquid behavior of interacting electrons in one-dimensional conductors, where excitations are best understood as bosonic density waves rather than quasiparticles.
-
D.
Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics
The Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics is a method for approximating many-particle correlation functions by expressing higher-order correlations in terms of lower-order ones, simplifying the description of interacting particle systems.
-
E.
Onsager reciprocal relations
Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Landauer–Büttiker formalism Triple: [Rolf Landauer, knownFor, Landauer–Büttiker formalism]
Generated description
The Landauer–Büttiker formalism is a theoretical framework in mesoscopic physics that describes electrical conductance in terms of quantum transmission of electrons through scattering channels.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Landauer–Büttiker formalism Target entity description: The Landauer–Büttiker formalism is a theoretical framework in mesoscopic physics that describes electrical conductance in terms of quantum transmission of electrons through scattering channels.
-
A.
Landau–Zener formula
The Landau–Zener formula is a quantum mechanical result that gives the probability of non-adiabatic transitions between energy levels during an avoided crossing when a system’s parameters are varied in time.
-
B.
Eliashberg theory
Eliashberg theory is an extension of BCS superconductivity that incorporates strong-coupling and frequency-dependent effects to more accurately describe real superconducting materials.
-
C.
Luttinger liquid theory
Luttinger liquid theory is a framework describing the collective, non-Fermi-liquid behavior of interacting electrons in one-dimensional conductors, where excitations are best understood as bosonic density waves rather than quasiparticles.
-
D.
Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics
The Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics is a method for approximating many-particle correlation functions by expressing higher-order correlations in terms of lower-order ones, simplifying the description of interacting particle systems.
-
E.
Onsager reciprocal relations
Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69aed94425148190be337845d56fac22 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 2:29 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69aefcae22a081908af65a960306b78c |
completed | March 9, 2026, 5 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b56b6cfb288190ac08c3a37327ac9a |
completed | March 14, 2026, 2:06 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b56cd11b5c8190b7e7c9c91b6564b6 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 2:12 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b56d3ff45881909f8b2c21ce51e0f0 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 2:14 p.m. |
Created at: March 9, 2026, 3:40 p.m.