Triple
T4046083
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Bohr model of the atom |
E84068
|
entity |
| Predicate | explains |
P264
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines
The Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines is a mathematical expression that predicts the wavelengths of light emitted or absorbed by hydrogen atoms as their electrons transition between quantized energy levels.
|
E160621
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines | Statement: [Bohr model of the atom, explains, Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines Context triple: [Bohr model of the atom, explains, Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines]
-
A.
Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum
The Lyman series in the hydrogen spectrum is a set of ultraviolet emission or absorption lines produced when electrons in hydrogen atoms transition from higher energy levels down to the ground state (n=1).
-
B.
Rydberg constant
The Rydberg constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (or lowest wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, playing a key role in atomic spectroscopy and quantum theory.
-
C.
Sommerfeld fine-structure formula
The Sommerfeld fine-structure formula is a relativistic extension of the Bohr model that accurately predicts the fine-structure energy levels of the hydrogen atom.
-
D.
Atombau und Spektrallinien
*Atombau und Spektrallinien* is Arnold Sommerfeld’s influential textbook on atomic structure and spectral lines that helped shape the development of early quantum theory.
-
E.
Saha ionization equation
The Saha ionization equation is a fundamental formula in astrophysics and plasma physics that relates the ionization state of a gas in thermal equilibrium to its temperature and pressure, crucial for understanding stellar atmospheres and spectra.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines Triple: [Bohr model of the atom, explains, Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines]
Generated description
The Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines is a mathematical expression that predicts the wavelengths of light emitted or absorbed by hydrogen atoms as their electrons transition between quantized energy levels.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines Target entity description: The Rydberg formula for hydrogen spectral lines is a mathematical expression that predicts the wavelengths of light emitted or absorbed by hydrogen atoms as their electrons transition between quantized energy levels.
-
A.
Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum
The Lyman series in the hydrogen spectrum is a set of ultraviolet emission or absorption lines produced when electrons in hydrogen atoms transition from higher energy levels down to the ground state (n=1).
-
B.
Rydberg constant
chosen
The Rydberg constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (or lowest wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, playing a key role in atomic spectroscopy and quantum theory.
-
C.
Sommerfeld fine-structure formula
The Sommerfeld fine-structure formula is a relativistic extension of the Bohr model that accurately predicts the fine-structure energy levels of the hydrogen atom.
-
D.
Atombau und Spektrallinien
*Atombau und Spektrallinien* is Arnold Sommerfeld’s influential textbook on atomic structure and spectral lines that helped shape the development of early quantum theory.
-
E.
Saha ionization equation
The Saha ionization equation is a fundamental formula in astrophysics and plasma physics that relates the ionization state of a gas in thermal equilibrium to its temperature and pressure, crucial for understanding stellar atmospheres and spectra.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69aed930bd5c819083e7dcc14fc44f69 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 2:29 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69aefb6135b481909d2be890a2140ff9 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 4:54 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b55652228c8190a9f301676deb0055 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 12:36 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b556fec4708190b221893ec35f1a38 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 12:39 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b557f73cbc8190b904089ab0fa97d6 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 12:43 p.m. |
Created at: March 9, 2026, 3:37 p.m.