Triple
T400584
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Award for the Advancement of Free Software |
E9270
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableRecipient |
P108
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Werner Koch
Werner Koch is a German free software developer best known as the principal author and maintainer of the GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG) encryption software.
|
E53185
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Werner Koch | Statement: [Award for the Advancement of Free Software, notableRecipient, Werner Koch]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Werner Koch Context triple: [Award for the Advancement of Free Software, notableRecipient, Werner Koch]
-
A.
Theo de Raadt
Theo de Raadt is a Canadian software engineer best known as the founder and leader of the OpenBSD and OpenSSH projects, and as a prominent advocate for free and secure software.
-
B.
Linus Torvalds
Linus Torvalds is a Finnish-American software engineer best known as the creator and principal developer of the Linux kernel, the core of the widely used Linux operating system.
-
C.
Wietse Venema
Wietse Venema is a Dutch software engineer and security researcher best known for creating the Postfix mail transfer agent and other influential open-source security tools.
-
D.
Tobias Nipkow
Tobias Nipkow is a German computer scientist known for his influential work in interactive theorem proving and formal verification, particularly through his contributions to the Isabelle proof assistant.
-
E.
Eric Raymond
Eric Raymond is an American software developer, open-source advocate, and author best known for his influential essay collection "The Cathedral and the Bazaar," which helped popularize and legitimize the open-source software movement.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Werner Koch Triple: [Award for the Advancement of Free Software, notableRecipient, Werner Koch]
Generated description
Werner Koch is a German free software developer best known as the principal author and maintainer of the GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG) encryption software.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Werner Koch Target entity description: Werner Koch is a German free software developer best known as the principal author and maintainer of the GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG) encryption software.
-
A.
Theo de Raadt
Theo de Raadt is a Canadian software engineer best known as the founder and leader of the OpenBSD and OpenSSH projects, and as a prominent advocate for free and secure software.
-
B.
Linus Torvalds
Linus Torvalds is a Finnish-American software engineer best known as the creator and principal developer of the Linux kernel, the core of the widely used Linux operating system.
-
C.
Wietse Venema
Wietse Venema is a Dutch software engineer and security researcher best known for creating the Postfix mail transfer agent and other influential open-source security tools.
-
D.
Tobias Nipkow
Tobias Nipkow is a German computer scientist known for his influential work in interactive theorem proving and formal verification, particularly through his contributions to the Isabelle proof assistant.
-
E.
Eric Raymond
Eric Raymond is an American software developer, open-source advocate, and author best known for his influential essay collection "The Cathedral and the Bazaar," which helped popularize and legitimize the open-source software movement.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a2e8004cb88190b92ed1add6abf41a |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:05 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a2ec8e655c819081eff85c0ef55fa5 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:24 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a4254075388190af8fd09d037f427c |
completed | March 1, 2026, 11:38 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a4261531ac8190aa879bf38bfd9371 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 11:42 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a4267b09b4819085db5e073cc19360 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 11:43 a.m. |
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:08 p.m.