Triple

T400262
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject House of Bourbon E9264 entity
Predicate ruledKingdom P9023 FINISHED
Object Duchy of Parma
The Duchy of Parma was a small but significant Italian state centered on the city of Parma, historically contested among major European powers and later governed by a cadet branch of the Bourbon dynasty.
E72637 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Duchy of Parma | Statement: [House of Bourbon, ruledKingdom, Duchy of Parma]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Duchy of Parma
Context triple: [House of Bourbon, ruledKingdom, Duchy of Parma]
  • A. Grand Duchy of Tuscany
    The Grand Duchy of Tuscany was a historic Italian state centered on Florence, renowned as a major hub of Renaissance culture, science, and art.
  • B. Duchy of Savoy
    The Duchy of Savoy was a historical state in Western Europe, centered in the Alpine region between France and Italy, that played a key role in European power politics before evolving into the Kingdom of Sardinia and ultimately contributing to the unification of Italy.
  • C. Grand Duchy of Tuscany (Napoleonic)
    The Grand Duchy of Tuscany (Napoleonic) was a short-lived client state of the French Empire in central Italy, reorganized under Napoleonic rule in the early 19th century.
  • D. Duchy of Milan
    The Duchy of Milan was a powerful late medieval and Renaissance state in northern Italy, centered on the city of Milan and long contested by major European powers.
  • E. Kingdom of Sardinia
    The Kingdom of Sardinia was a historical state in Southern Europe that originated on the island of Sardinia and later became the core of the Savoyard state that led the unification of Italy in the 19th century.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Duchy of Parma
Triple: [House of Bourbon, ruledKingdom, Duchy of Parma]
Generated description
The Duchy of Parma was a small but significant Italian state centered on the city of Parma, historically contested among major European powers and later governed by a cadet branch of the Bourbon dynasty.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Duchy of Parma
Target entity description: The Duchy of Parma was a small but significant Italian state centered on the city of Parma, historically contested among major European powers and later governed by a cadet branch of the Bourbon dynasty.
  • A. Grand Duchy of Tuscany
    The Grand Duchy of Tuscany was a historic Italian state centered on Florence, renowned as a major hub of Renaissance culture, science, and art.
  • B. Duchy of Savoy
    The Duchy of Savoy was a historical state in Western Europe, centered in the Alpine region between France and Italy, that played a key role in European power politics before evolving into the Kingdom of Sardinia and ultimately contributing to the unification of Italy.
  • C. Grand Duchy of Tuscany (Napoleonic)
    The Grand Duchy of Tuscany (Napoleonic) was a short-lived client state of the French Empire in central Italy, reorganized under Napoleonic rule in the early 19th century.
  • D. Duchy of Milan
    The Duchy of Milan was a powerful late medieval and Renaissance state in northern Italy, centered on the city of Milan and long contested by major European powers.
  • E. Kingdom of Sardinia
    The Kingdom of Sardinia was a historical state in Southern Europe that originated on the island of Sardinia and later became the core of the Savoyard state that led the unification of Italy in the 19th century.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e8004cb88190b92ed1add6abf41a completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:05 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2ee2c2d1881909aa1ccfaa4172b38 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:31 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a5089817248190b53d78e5b937026b completed March 2, 2026, 3:48 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a5094d47b4819099e51ccfd8a14416 completed March 2, 2026, 3:51 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a5099a81988190941857838551b9c6 completed March 2, 2026, 3:52 a.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:08 p.m.