Triple

T399640

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	International Alliance of Research Universities	`E9250`	entity
Predicate	abbreviation	`P43`	FINISHED
Object	IARU IARU is a collaboration of leading international research-intensive universities that work together on joint education, research, and sustainability initiatives.	`E50961`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: IARU | Statement: [International Alliance of Research Universities, abbreviation, IARU]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: IARU
Context triple: [International Alliance of Research Universities, abbreviation, IARU]

A. ITU Radiocommunication Sector
The ITU Radiocommunication Sector is the branch of the International Telecommunication Union responsible for managing global radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits and developing international radiocommunication standards.
B. World Radiocommunication Conference
The World Radiocommunication Conference is a periodic global meeting where governments and regulators negotiate and update international rules for the use of the radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits.
C. International Union of Radio Science
The International Union of Radio Science (URSI) is a global scientific organization that promotes research, collaboration, and knowledge exchange in all fields of radio science and electromagnetic waves.
D. International Telecommunication Union
The International Telecommunication Union is a specialized United Nations agency responsible for coordinating global telecommunications networks, services, and radio-frequency spectrum use.
E. Inter-American Telecommunication Commission
The Inter-American Telecommunication Commission is a specialized body within the Organization of American States that coordinates and promotes the development and harmonization of telecommunications and information and communication technologies across the Americas.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: IARU
Triple: [International Alliance of Research Universities, abbreviation, IARU]

Generated description

IARU is a collaboration of leading international research-intensive universities that work together on joint education, research, and sustainability initiatives.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: IARU
Target entity description: IARU is a collaboration of leading international research-intensive universities that work together on joint education, research, and sustainability initiatives.

A. ITU Radiocommunication Sector
The ITU Radiocommunication Sector is the branch of the International Telecommunication Union responsible for managing global radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits and developing international radiocommunication standards.
B. World Radiocommunication Conference
The World Radiocommunication Conference is a periodic global meeting where governments and regulators negotiate and update international rules for the use of the radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits.
C. International Union of Radio Science
The International Union of Radio Science (URSI) is a global scientific organization that promotes research, collaboration, and knowledge exchange in all fields of radio science and electromagnetic waves.
D. International Telecommunication Union
The International Telecommunication Union is a specialized United Nations agency responsible for coordinating global telecommunications networks, services, and radio-frequency spectrum use.
E. Inter-American Telecommunication Commission
The Inter-American Telecommunication Commission is a specialized body within the Organization of American States that coordinates and promotes the development and harmonization of telecommunications and information and communication technologies across the Americas.
F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69a2e8004cb88190b92ed1add6abf41a`	completed	Feb. 28, 2026, 1:05 p.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69a2ec8d0ca881909d786e8eed9b6748`	completed	Feb. 28, 2026, 1:24 p.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_69a4103f9f588190aabdf7f5d6422d09`	completed	March 1, 2026, 10:09 a.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_69a410e5ba148190a7fe0ee9861fb334`	completed	March 1, 2026, 10:11 a.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_69a41180ead48190a5edd2e66da413ba`	completed	March 1, 2026, 10:14 a.m.

Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:08 p.m.