Triple

T3921325
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Fermi theory of beta decay E88964 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Gamow–Teller theory
Gamow–Teller theory is a refinement of beta decay theory that incorporates nuclear spin and parity changes by introducing axial-vector (spin-dependent) weak interactions alongside Fermi’s vector interactions.
E400604 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Gamow–Teller theory | Statement: [Fermi theory of beta decay, relatedTo, Gamow–Teller theory]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gamow–Teller theory
Context triple: [Fermi theory of beta decay, relatedTo, Gamow–Teller theory]
  • A. Fermi theory of beta decay
    The Fermi theory of beta decay is Enrico Fermi’s pioneering quantum field theory model that explains beta decay as a weak interaction process mediated by a four-fermion contact interaction, laying the groundwork for modern weak interaction theory.
  • B. Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission
    The Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission is the 1939 theoretical explanation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch that identified nuclear fission as the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei with a corresponding release of enormous energy, laying the groundwork for nuclear physics and atomic energy.
  • C. Herzberg–Teller approximation
    The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
  • D. Bethe–Weizsäcker cycle
    The Bethe–Weizsäcker cycle is a nuclear fusion process in stars, particularly massive ones, where hydrogen is converted into helium through a catalytic cycle involving carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen nuclei.
  • E. Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions
    The Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions is a theoretical expression developed by Hans Bethe and Richard Feynman that estimates the energy yield and behavior of nuclear detonations based on fundamental physical parameters of the device.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Gamow–Teller theory
Triple: [Fermi theory of beta decay, relatedTo, Gamow–Teller theory]
Generated description
Gamow–Teller theory is a refinement of beta decay theory that incorporates nuclear spin and parity changes by introducing axial-vector (spin-dependent) weak interactions alongside Fermi’s vector interactions.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gamow–Teller theory
Target entity description: Gamow–Teller theory is a refinement of beta decay theory that incorporates nuclear spin and parity changes by introducing axial-vector (spin-dependent) weak interactions alongside Fermi’s vector interactions.
  • A. Fermi theory of beta decay
    The Fermi theory of beta decay is Enrico Fermi’s pioneering quantum field theory model that explains beta decay as a weak interaction process mediated by a four-fermion contact interaction, laying the groundwork for modern weak interaction theory.
  • B. Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission
    The Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission is the 1939 theoretical explanation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch that identified nuclear fission as the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei with a corresponding release of enormous energy, laying the groundwork for nuclear physics and atomic energy.
  • C. Herzberg–Teller approximation
    The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
  • D. Bethe–Weizsäcker cycle
    The Bethe–Weizsäcker cycle is a nuclear fusion process in stars, particularly massive ones, where hydrogen is converted into helium through a catalytic cycle involving carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen nuclei.
  • E. Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions
    The Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions is a theoretical expression developed by Hans Bethe and Richard Feynman that estimates the energy yield and behavior of nuclear detonations based on fundamental physical parameters of the device.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69aed955229881909e85e73ffab1d343 completed March 9, 2026, 2:29 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69aeed5c28b08190b32ce81e5bd8f586 completed March 9, 2026, 3:55 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b5286c807481908a67471da777b264 completed March 14, 2026, 9:20 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b5298d7be08190adb4a23edb716ce6 completed March 14, 2026, 9:25 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b52de8756c81909d03188bdc29ee88 completed March 14, 2026, 9:44 a.m.
Created at: March 9, 2026, 3:22 p.m.