Triple

T380127
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject London equations E8659 entity
Predicate formulatedBy P972 FINISHED
Object Fritz London
Fritz London was a German-born theoretical physicist renowned for his pioneering work on superconductivity and quantum chemistry, including foundational contributions to the understanding of intermolecular forces.
 E69452 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Fritz London | Statement: [London equations, formulatedBy, Fritz London]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Fritz London
Context triple: [London equations, formulatedBy, Fritz London]
  • A. Victor F. Weisskopf
    Victor F. Weisskopf was an Austrian-American theoretical physicist renowned for his contributions to quantum electrodynamics, his leadership at CERN and MIT, and his influential role in science education and public advocacy.
  • B. Gerhard Herzberg
    Gerhard Herzberg was a German-Canadian physicist and physical chemist renowned for his pioneering work in molecular spectroscopy, for which he received the 1971 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
  • C. Wolfgang Pauli
    Wolfgang Pauli was an Austrian-Swiss theoretical physicist renowned for formulating the Pauli exclusion principle and making foundational contributions to quantum mechanics.
  • D. Vitaly Ginzburg
    Vitaly Ginzburg was a Soviet theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductivity and other areas of condensed matter physics.
  • E. Eugene Wigner
    Eugene Wigner was a Hungarian-American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate whose pioneering work in quantum mechanics and the theory of symmetries profoundly shaped modern physics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Fritz London
Triple: [London equations, formulatedBy, Fritz London]
Generated description
Fritz London was a German-born theoretical physicist renowned for his pioneering work on superconductivity and quantum chemistry, including foundational contributions to the understanding of intermolecular forces.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Fritz London
Target entity description: Fritz London was a German-born theoretical physicist renowned for his pioneering work on superconductivity and quantum chemistry, including foundational contributions to the understanding of intermolecular forces.
  • A. Victor F. Weisskopf
    Victor F. Weisskopf was an Austrian-American theoretical physicist renowned for his contributions to quantum electrodynamics, his leadership at CERN and MIT, and his influential role in science education and public advocacy.
  • B. Gerhard Herzberg
    Gerhard Herzberg was a German-Canadian physicist and physical chemist renowned for his pioneering work in molecular spectroscopy, for which he received the 1971 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
  • C. Wolfgang Pauli
    Wolfgang Pauli was an Austrian-Swiss theoretical physicist renowned for formulating the Pauli exclusion principle and making foundational contributions to quantum mechanics.
  • D. Vitaly Ginzburg
    Vitaly Ginzburg was a Soviet theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductivity and other areas of condensed matter physics.
  • E. Eugene Wigner
    Eugene Wigner was a Hungarian-American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate whose pioneering work in quantum mechanics and the theory of symmetries profoundly shaped modern physics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e7f47dd08190a4e294ccbbe46cd4 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:04 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2ec2b07248190979229bad3a741c9 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:22 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a4e3f024b48190b7c16820d5cee198 completed March 2, 2026, 1:12 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a4e48a2d0081908aea3bcc51daabf2 completed March 2, 2026, 1:14 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a4e514d1e88190adfb8093e328801a completed March 2, 2026, 1:17 a.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:08 p.m.