Triple

T373778
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Bernhard Riemann E8325 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Riemann integral
The Riemann integral is a fundamental concept in calculus that defines the integral of a function as the limit of sums of function values over increasingly fine partitions of an interval.
E47347 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Riemann integral | Statement: [Bernhard Riemann, knownFor, Riemann integral]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Riemann integral
Context triple: [Bernhard Riemann, knownFor, Riemann integral]
  • A. Gaussian integral
    The Gaussian integral is a fundamental result in mathematics that evaluates the integral of the exponential of a negative quadratic function over the entire real line, yielding a value proportional to the square root of π and underpinning the normal distribution in probability theory.
  • B. Gauss’s constant
    Gauss’s constant is a mathematical constant arising in number theory and complex analysis, particularly in connection with the lemniscate and elliptic functions.
  • C. inverse function theorem
    The inverse function theorem is a fundamental result in calculus and differential geometry that gives conditions under which a differentiable function has a locally defined differentiable inverse near a point where its derivative is invertible.
  • D. Itô calculus
    Itô calculus is a branch of stochastic analysis that extends classical calculus to functions of stochastic processes, particularly Brownian motion, enabling rigorous treatment of stochastic differential equations.
  • E. implicit function theorem
    The implicit function theorem is a fundamental result in calculus and differential geometry that guarantees, under suitable smoothness and nondegeneracy conditions, the local solvability of equations for some variables as differentiable functions of others.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Riemann integral
Triple: [Bernhard Riemann, knownFor, Riemann integral]
Generated description
The Riemann integral is a fundamental concept in calculus that defines the integral of a function as the limit of sums of function values over increasingly fine partitions of an interval.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Riemann integral
Target entity description: The Riemann integral is a fundamental concept in calculus that defines the integral of a function as the limit of sums of function values over increasingly fine partitions of an interval.
  • A. Gaussian integral
    The Gaussian integral is a fundamental result in mathematics that evaluates the integral of the exponential of a negative quadratic function over the entire real line, yielding a value proportional to the square root of π and underpinning the normal distribution in probability theory.
  • B. Gauss’s constant
    Gauss’s constant is a mathematical constant arising in number theory and complex analysis, particularly in connection with the lemniscate and elliptic functions.
  • C. inverse function theorem
    The inverse function theorem is a fundamental result in calculus and differential geometry that gives conditions under which a differentiable function has a locally defined differentiable inverse near a point where its derivative is invertible.
  • D. Itô calculus
    Itô calculus is a branch of stochastic analysis that extends classical calculus to functions of stochastic processes, particularly Brownian motion, enabling rigorous treatment of stochastic differential equations.
  • E. implicit function theorem
    The implicit function theorem is a fundamental result in calculus and differential geometry that guarantees, under suitable smoothness and nondegeneracy conditions, the local solvability of equations for some variables as differentiable functions of others.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e7f2ec648190b42bc7db424f8109 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:04 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2ec13b9b48190b294d998c6720132 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:22 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a3f0a9608481908bee4d83768e6497 completed March 1, 2026, 7:54 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a3f131d1f88190ac131204c5402687 completed March 1, 2026, 7:56 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a3f202f308819098affb41d502d5fb completed March 1, 2026, 8 a.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:08 p.m.