Triple

T3725172
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject F. P. Ramsey E81729 entity
Predicate publication P80 FINISHED
Object 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation"
The 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation" is Frank P. Ramsey’s foundational work in public economics that introduced the optimal taxation framework now known as Ramsey pricing.
E381629 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation" | Statement: [F. P. Ramsey, publication, 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation"]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation"
Context triple: [F. P. Ramsey, publication, 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation"]
  • A. A Treatise on the Principles and Practical Influence of Taxation and the Funding System
    A Treatise on the Principles and Practical Influence of Taxation and the Funding System is a 19th-century economic work by John Ramsay McCulloch that systematically analyzes taxation, public finance, and government debt and their effects on the economy.
  • B. The Positive Theory of Capital
    The Positive Theory of Capital is a foundational work in Austrian economics that systematically analyzes the nature of capital, interest, and time preference in the production process.
  • C. On the Tax in Kind
    "On the Tax in Kind" was a key 1921 Bolshevik policy document that replaced grain requisitioning with a tax in kind, marking the start of the New Economic Policy in Soviet Russia.
  • D. On the Theory of Economic Policy
    On the Theory of Economic Policy is a foundational work in economics by Jan Tinbergen that systematically analyzes how governments can design and coordinate economic policies using formal models and quantitative methods.
  • E. Some Aspects of the Inequality of Incomes in Modern Communities
    "Some Aspects of the Inequality of Incomes in Modern Communities" is an influential early 20th-century economic study by Hugh Dalton that analyzes the causes, measurement, and implications of income inequality in industrial societies.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation"
Triple: [F. P. Ramsey, publication, 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation"]
Generated description
The 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation" is Frank P. Ramsey’s foundational work in public economics that introduced the optimal taxation framework now known as Ramsey pricing.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation"
Target entity description: The 1927 paper "A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation" is Frank P. Ramsey’s foundational work in public economics that introduced the optimal taxation framework now known as Ramsey pricing.
  • A. A Treatise on the Principles and Practical Influence of Taxation and the Funding System
    A Treatise on the Principles and Practical Influence of Taxation and the Funding System is a 19th-century economic work by John Ramsay McCulloch that systematically analyzes taxation, public finance, and government debt and their effects on the economy.
  • B. The Positive Theory of Capital
    The Positive Theory of Capital is a foundational work in Austrian economics that systematically analyzes the nature of capital, interest, and time preference in the production process.
  • C. On the Tax in Kind
    "On the Tax in Kind" was a key 1921 Bolshevik policy document that replaced grain requisitioning with a tax in kind, marking the start of the New Economic Policy in Soviet Russia.
  • D. On the Theory of Economic Policy
    On the Theory of Economic Policy is a foundational work in economics by Jan Tinbergen that systematically analyzes how governments can design and coordinate economic policies using formal models and quantitative methods.
  • E. Some Aspects of the Inequality of Incomes in Modern Communities
    "Some Aspects of the Inequality of Incomes in Modern Communities" is an influential early 20th-century economic study by Hugh Dalton that analyzes the causes, measurement, and implications of income inequality in industrial societies.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad8b1b7ef081908d2d381bbf54985a completed March 8, 2026, 2:43 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adcaf54af881908bd8d520595de061 completed March 8, 2026, 7:16 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b4ce1e303881909efc1c6735d6c12e completed March 14, 2026, 2:55 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b4cf1840bc81908a85642430ab5339 completed March 14, 2026, 2:59 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b4cf92e9c48190a3d87ba1f90548ec completed March 14, 2026, 3:01 a.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:34 p.m.