Triple

T3676923
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Einstein–Maxwell equations E78014 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Kaluza–Klein theory
Kaluza–Klein theory is a higher-dimensional unification framework that extends general relativity by adding extra spatial dimensions to geometrically incorporate electromagnetism (and potentially other forces) alongside gravity.
E378341 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kaluza–Klein theory | Statement: [Einstein–Maxwell equations, relatedTo, Kaluza–Klein theory]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kaluza–Klein theory
Context triple: [Einstein–Maxwell equations, relatedTo, Kaluza–Klein theory]
  • A. Green–Schwarz mechanism
    The Green–Schwarz mechanism is a key anomaly-cancellation process in string theory that ensures the mathematical consistency of certain superstring models by eliminating gauge and gravitational anomalies.
  • B. M-theory
    M-theory is a proposed unifying framework in theoretical physics that generalizes string theories into an eleven-dimensional model aiming to reconcile quantum mechanics with gravity.
  • C. Yang–Mills theory
    Yang–Mills theory is a gauge field theory describing the behavior of non-abelian gauge fields, forming the mathematical foundation for modern particle physics, including the strong and electroweak interactions.
  • D. Born–Infeld electrodynamics
    Born–Infeld electrodynamics is a nonlinear modification of classical Maxwell theory proposed to remove the infinite self-energy of point charges by introducing an upper bound on the electromagnetic field strength.
  • E. Weyl’s gauge theory
    Weyl’s gauge theory is an early 20th-century theoretical framework that introduced the concept of local gauge invariance, laying foundational ideas for modern gauge theories in particle physics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Kaluza–Klein theory
Triple: [Einstein–Maxwell equations, relatedTo, Kaluza–Klein theory]
Generated description
Kaluza–Klein theory is a higher-dimensional unification framework that extends general relativity by adding extra spatial dimensions to geometrically incorporate electromagnetism (and potentially other forces) alongside gravity.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kaluza–Klein theory
Target entity description: Kaluza–Klein theory is a higher-dimensional unification framework that extends general relativity by adding extra spatial dimensions to geometrically incorporate electromagnetism (and potentially other forces) alongside gravity.
  • A. Green–Schwarz mechanism
    The Green–Schwarz mechanism is a key anomaly-cancellation process in string theory that ensures the mathematical consistency of certain superstring models by eliminating gauge and gravitational anomalies.
  • B. M-theory
    M-theory is a proposed unifying framework in theoretical physics that generalizes string theories into an eleven-dimensional model aiming to reconcile quantum mechanics with gravity.
  • C. Yang–Mills theory
    Yang–Mills theory is a gauge field theory describing the behavior of non-abelian gauge fields, forming the mathematical foundation for modern particle physics, including the strong and electroweak interactions.
  • D. Born–Infeld electrodynamics
    Born–Infeld electrodynamics is a nonlinear modification of classical Maxwell theory proposed to remove the infinite self-energy of point charges by introducing an upper bound on the electromagnetic field strength.
  • E. Weyl’s gauge theory
    Weyl’s gauge theory is an early 20th-century theoretical framework that introduced the concept of local gauge invariance, laying foundational ideas for modern gauge theories in particle physics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad85e18c1c8190be8aafb227f39f48 completed March 8, 2026, 2:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adc4643cf08190b2d10ddf4aac7407 completed March 8, 2026, 6:48 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b48859949081908fd8291bf6a3372b completed March 13, 2026, 9:57 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b48aede85481909f4fc17c3968f285 completed March 13, 2026, 10:08 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b4b95fae2c819091d8cc1d86eb091d completed March 14, 2026, 1:26 a.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:25 p.m.