Triple

T365162
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Henry Norris Russell Lectureship E7943 entity
Predicate notableRecipient P108 FINISHED
Object Allan R. Sandage
Allan R. Sandage was a prominent American astronomer known for his pioneering work on the expansion rate of the universe, the cosmic distance scale, and the age of the cosmos.
E52378 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Allan R. Sandage | Statement: [Henry Norris Russell Lectureship, notableRecipient, Allan R. Sandage]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Allan R. Sandage
Context triple: [Henry Norris Russell Lectureship, notableRecipient, Allan R. Sandage]
  • A. Edwin Hubble
    Edwin Hubble was an American astronomer whose observations of galaxies and the expanding universe fundamentally transformed modern cosmology.
  • B. Edwin E. Salpeter
    Edwin E. Salpeter was an influential Austrian–Australian astrophysicist best known for his pioneering work on stellar nucleosynthesis and the initial mass function of stars.
  • C. Walter Baade
    Walter Baade was a German astronomer whose work on variable stars and the structure of the Milky Way led to a major revision of the cosmic distance scale and our understanding of the universe’s size and age.
  • D. Vera Rubin
    Vera Rubin was an American astronomer whose pioneering work on galaxy rotation curves provided key evidence for the existence of dark matter.
  • E. Norman Spinrad
    Norman Spinrad is an American science fiction author known for his provocative, politically charged novels and short stories, including "Bug Jack Barron" and "The Iron Dream."
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Allan R. Sandage
Triple: [Henry Norris Russell Lectureship, notableRecipient, Allan R. Sandage]
Generated description
Allan R. Sandage was a prominent American astronomer known for his pioneering work on the expansion rate of the universe, the cosmic distance scale, and the age of the cosmos.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Allan R. Sandage
Target entity description: Allan R. Sandage was a prominent American astronomer known for his pioneering work on the expansion rate of the universe, the cosmic distance scale, and the age of the cosmos.
  • A. Edwin Hubble
    Edwin Hubble was an American astronomer whose observations of galaxies and the expanding universe fundamentally transformed modern cosmology.
  • B. Edwin E. Salpeter
    Edwin E. Salpeter was an influential Austrian–Australian astrophysicist best known for his pioneering work on stellar nucleosynthesis and the initial mass function of stars.
  • C. Walter Baade
    Walter Baade was a German astronomer whose work on variable stars and the structure of the Milky Way led to a major revision of the cosmic distance scale and our understanding of the universe’s size and age.
  • D. Vera Rubin
    Vera Rubin was an American astronomer whose pioneering work on galaxy rotation curves provided key evidence for the existence of dark matter.
  • E. Norman Spinrad
    Norman Spinrad is an American science fiction author known for his provocative, politically charged novels and short stories, including "Bug Jack Barron" and "The Iron Dream."
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e7e880008190a6ad7e06e5d03007 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:04 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2ebe6c1b4819083335e880c205ed6 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:21 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a41b44959c8190a793b4e5af838c7c completed March 1, 2026, 10:56 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a41bd12bdc81909fc3da7e3a01642b completed March 1, 2026, 10:58 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a42290059481908d0b10769263b0da completed March 1, 2026, 11:27 a.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:08 p.m.