Triple

T3629521
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Byzantine–Bulgarian wars E76920 entity
Predicate involvedRuler P8405 FINISHED
Object Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria
Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria was the 7th-century Bulgar ruler who founded the First Bulgarian Empire in the Balkans and is regarded as the founder of the Bulgarian state.
E374546 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria | Statement: [Byzantine–Bulgarian wars, involvedRuler, Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria
Context triple: [Byzantine–Bulgarian wars, involvedRuler, Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria]
  • A. Kaloyan of Bulgaria
    Kaloyan of Bulgaria was a powerful tsar of the Second Bulgarian Empire (r. 1197–1207) known for defeating the Crusaders at the Battle of Adrianople and expanding Bulgarian influence in the Balkans.
  • B. Khan Krum
    Khan Krum was a powerful early 9th-century Bulgarian ruler known for expanding the First Bulgarian Empire and defeating the Byzantine Empire in major battles.
  • C. Boris I of Bulgaria
    Boris I of Bulgaria was the 9th-century Bulgarian monarch best known for converting his realm to Christianity and laying the foundations of Slavic literacy and culture.
  • D. Simeon I of Bulgaria
    Simeon I of Bulgaria was a powerful medieval Bulgarian tsar whose reign (893–927) marked the political and cultural zenith of the First Bulgarian Empire and earned him the epithet "the Great."
  • E. Bulgarian Tsar Constantine Tikh Asen
    Bulgarian Tsar Constantine Tikh Asen was a 13th-century ruler of the Second Bulgarian Empire, known for his turbulent reign marked by internal strife and conflicts with neighboring powers.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria
Triple: [Byzantine–Bulgarian wars, involvedRuler, Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria]
Generated description
Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria was the 7th-century Bulgar ruler who founded the First Bulgarian Empire in the Balkans and is regarded as the founder of the Bulgarian state.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria
Target entity description: Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria was the 7th-century Bulgar ruler who founded the First Bulgarian Empire in the Balkans and is regarded as the founder of the Bulgarian state.
  • A. Kaloyan of Bulgaria
    Kaloyan of Bulgaria was a powerful tsar of the Second Bulgarian Empire (r. 1197–1207) known for defeating the Crusaders at the Battle of Adrianople and expanding Bulgarian influence in the Balkans.
  • B. Khan Krum
    Khan Krum was a powerful early 9th-century Bulgarian ruler known for expanding the First Bulgarian Empire and defeating the Byzantine Empire in major battles.
  • C. Boris I of Bulgaria
    Boris I of Bulgaria was the 9th-century Bulgarian monarch best known for converting his realm to Christianity and laying the foundations of Slavic literacy and culture.
  • D. Simeon I of Bulgaria
    Simeon I of Bulgaria was a powerful medieval Bulgarian tsar whose reign (893–927) marked the political and cultural zenith of the First Bulgarian Empire and earned him the epithet "the Great."
  • E. Bulgarian Tsar Constantine Tikh Asen
    Bulgarian Tsar Constantine Tikh Asen was a 13th-century ruler of the Second Bulgarian Empire, known for his turbulent reign marked by internal strife and conflicts with neighboring powers.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: involvedRuler
Context triple: [Byzantine–Bulgarian wars, involvedRuler, Khan Asparuh of Bulgaria]
  • A. monarchInvolved
    Indicates that a monarch participates in, is associated with, or plays a role in a particular event, action, or situation.
  • B. involvesRuler chosen
    Indicates that the relationship or action includes or pertains to a ruler as a participating party.
  • C. alsoRuled
    Indicates that two or more entities shared ruling authority over the same domain or subjects, either concurrently or at different times.
  • D. regentOf
    Indicates a relationship where one entity serves as the ruling authority or caretaker governing on behalf of another entity, typically during the latter’s minority, absence, or incapacity.
  • E. recognizedAsRulersBy
    Indicates that certain entities are acknowledged or accepted by others as their legitimate rulers or authorities.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (6 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad85dc03948190b35b7189e4175bcc completed March 8, 2026, 2:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adc300223881909019982ebf194f78 completed March 8, 2026, 6:42 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b43328931881908bd92cb32a366e93 completed March 13, 2026, 3:54 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b433a037588190a0629defe365515d completed March 13, 2026, 3:56 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b437493384819084a7213fe754526b completed March 13, 2026, 4:11 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69adb8410a5881909c94818d7060b2b0 completed March 8, 2026, 5:56 p.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:23 p.m.