Triple
T3576807
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Bethe–Salpeter equation |
E75707
|
entity |
| Predicate | relatedTo |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Dyson–Schwinger equations |
E130660
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Dyson–Schwinger equations | Statement: [Bethe–Salpeter equation, relatedTo, Dyson–Schwinger equations]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dyson–Schwinger equations Context triple: [Bethe–Salpeter equation, relatedTo, Dyson–Schwinger equations]
-
A.
Schwinger–Dyson equations
chosen
The Schwinger–Dyson equations are a set of integral equations in quantum field theory that relate correlation functions and encode the full dynamics of a quantum field.
-
B.
Tomonaga–Schwinger equation
The Tomonaga–Schwinger equation is a relativistic generalization of the Schrödinger equation that formulates quantum field evolution on arbitrary spacelike hypersurfaces, forming a key part of covariant quantum field theory.
-
C.
Bethe–Salpeter equation
The Bethe–Salpeter equation is a relativistic quantum field theory equation that describes bound states of two interacting particles, such as electron–hole pairs in quantum electrodynamics.
-
D.
Schrödinger functional equation in field theory
The Schrödinger functional equation in field theory is a generalization of the quantum-mechanical Schrödinger equation to quantum fields, describing the time evolution of wave functionals over field configurations.
-
E.
Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED
Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED is a landmark theoretical result that rigorously demonstrated the mathematical consistency and mutual compatibility of different approaches to quantum electrodynamics.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad85d5e3008190bdfe0bacdd1f5a1b |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:21 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69adc0dba238819083a1d09005c312b8 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 6:32 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b3bbc3d4e88190b18ed318c55594cc |
completed | March 13, 2026, 7:24 a.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:21 p.m.