Triple

T357574
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Peter Kropotkin E7577 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is Peter Kropotkin’s influential work arguing that cooperation and mutual support are key drivers of evolution and social organization, challenging the notion that competition alone shapes species.
E45290 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution | Statement: [Peter Kropotkin, notableWork, Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
Context triple: [Peter Kropotkin, notableWork, Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution]
  • A. Sociobiology: The New Synthesis
    Sociobiology: The New Synthesis is a landmark 1975 book by biologist Edward O. Wilson that founded the modern field of sociobiology by applying evolutionary theory to the study of social behavior in animals and humans.
  • B. Genetics and the Origin of Species
    Genetics and the Origin of Species is a 1937 book by Theodosius Dobzhansky that helped found the modern evolutionary synthesis by integrating Mendelian genetics with Darwinian natural selection.
  • C. The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex
    The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex is Charles Darwin’s 1871 book that applies evolutionary theory to human origins and develops his influential theory of sexual selection.
  • D. Evolution: The Modern Synthesis
    Evolution: The Modern Synthesis is Julian Huxley’s influential 1942 book that helped popularize and articulate the unified, gene-centered framework of modern evolutionary theory.
  • E. Social Darwinism
    Social Darwinism is a 19th-century social theory that applied Charles Darwin’s ideas of natural selection to human societies, often to justify economic inequality, competition, and laissez-faire capitalism.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
Triple: [Peter Kropotkin, notableWork, Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution]
Generated description
Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is Peter Kropotkin’s influential work arguing that cooperation and mutual support are key drivers of evolution and social organization, challenging the notion that competition alone shapes species.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
Target entity description: Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is Peter Kropotkin’s influential work arguing that cooperation and mutual support are key drivers of evolution and social organization, challenging the notion that competition alone shapes species.
  • A. Sociobiology: The New Synthesis
    Sociobiology: The New Synthesis is a landmark 1975 book by biologist Edward O. Wilson that founded the modern field of sociobiology by applying evolutionary theory to the study of social behavior in animals and humans.
  • B. Genetics and the Origin of Species
    Genetics and the Origin of Species is a 1937 book by Theodosius Dobzhansky that helped found the modern evolutionary synthesis by integrating Mendelian genetics with Darwinian natural selection.
  • C. The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex
    The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex is Charles Darwin’s 1871 book that applies evolutionary theory to human origins and develops his influential theory of sexual selection.
  • D. Evolution: The Modern Synthesis
    Evolution: The Modern Synthesis is Julian Huxley’s influential 1942 book that helped popularize and articulate the unified, gene-centered framework of modern evolutionary theory.
  • E. Social Darwinism
    Social Darwinism is a 19th-century social theory that applied Charles Darwin’s ideas of natural selection to human societies, often to justify economic inequality, competition, and laissez-faire capitalism.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e7e696948190bebc966535995e45 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:04 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2ebb0e348819086e3ccd96c7b129e completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:20 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a3e019211c819087edeb99431061fa completed March 1, 2026, 6:43 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a3e1092bc48190bd2d4b59d30b8c64 completed March 1, 2026, 6:47 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a3e2183bec8190b1d93a02ec8a0ab8 completed March 1, 2026, 6:52 a.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:08 p.m.