Triple

T3572664
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Vorlesungen über Atommechanik E75609 entity
Predicate associatedWith P37 FINISHED
Object Göttingen school of theoretical physics
The Göttingen school of theoretical physics was an influential early 20th-century research and teaching center, led by figures like Max Born, that played a key role in the development of quantum mechanics and modern theoretical physics.
E64597 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Göttingen school of theoretical physics | Statement: [Vorlesungen über Atommechanik, associatedWith, Göttingen school of theoretical physics]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Göttingen school of theoretical physics
Context triple: [Vorlesungen über Atommechanik, associatedWith, Göttingen school of theoretical physics]
  • A. Faculty of Physics, University of Göttingen
    The Faculty of Physics at the University of Göttingen is a major academic division renowned for research and teaching across a broad range of physics disciplines, including theoretical, experimental, and condensed matter physics.
  • B. Max Planck Society institutes in Göttingen
    The Max Planck Society institutes in Göttingen are a group of leading German research institutes specializing in advanced scientific fields such as physics, biophysics, and neuroscience, operating under the Max Planck Society and collaborating closely with the University of Göttingen.
  • C. Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities
    The Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities is a prestigious German learned society and research institution known for its contributions to mathematics, natural sciences, and the humanities.
  • D. Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics
    The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics was a leading German research institute in Berlin, founded in the early 20th century, that became a central hub for theoretical and experimental physics, especially during the development of quantum mechanics.
  • E. Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies
    The Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies is a research institute in Heidelberg, Germany, focused on advanced theoretical and computational science across disciplines such as physics, life sciences, and digital humanities.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Göttingen school of theoretical physics
Triple: [Vorlesungen über Atommechanik, associatedWith, Göttingen school of theoretical physics]
Generated description
The Göttingen school of theoretical physics was an influential early 20th-century research and teaching center, led by figures like Max Born, that played a key role in the development of quantum mechanics and modern theoretical physics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Göttingen school of theoretical physics
Target entity description: The Göttingen school of theoretical physics was an influential early 20th-century research and teaching center, led by figures like Max Born, that played a key role in the development of quantum mechanics and modern theoretical physics.
  • A. Faculty of Physics, University of Göttingen chosen
    The Faculty of Physics at the University of Göttingen is a major academic division renowned for research and teaching across a broad range of physics disciplines, including theoretical, experimental, and condensed matter physics.
  • B. Max Planck Society institutes in Göttingen
    The Max Planck Society institutes in Göttingen are a group of leading German research institutes specializing in advanced scientific fields such as physics, biophysics, and neuroscience, operating under the Max Planck Society and collaborating closely with the University of Göttingen.
  • C. Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities
    The Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities is a prestigious German learned society and research institution known for its contributions to mathematics, natural sciences, and the humanities.
  • D. Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics
    The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics was a leading German research institute in Berlin, founded in the early 20th century, that became a central hub for theoretical and experimental physics, especially during the development of quantum mechanics.
  • E. Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies
    The Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies is a research institute in Heidelberg, Germany, focused on advanced theoretical and computational science across disciplines such as physics, life sciences, and digital humanities.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad85d5e3008190bdfe0bacdd1f5a1b completed March 8, 2026, 2:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adc0c447fc81909689259558187af4 completed March 8, 2026, 6:32 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b3bbbcf2d08190901049948df66f0c completed March 13, 2026, 7:24 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b3bca07cac81908253b2b4225f3d67 completed March 13, 2026, 7:28 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b3f5b6e66c81908700d5f3df0a864d completed March 13, 2026, 11:32 a.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:21 p.m.