Triple

T3483300
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Norman Ramsey E73545 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object separated oscillatory field method
The separated oscillatory field method is a high-precision spectroscopic technique, developed by Norman Ramsey, that uses two spatially separated electromagnetic fields to measure atomic and molecular energy levels with exceptional accuracy.
E360217 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: separated oscillatory field method | Statement: [Norman Ramsey, notableWork, separated oscillatory field method]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: separated oscillatory field method
Context triple: [Norman Ramsey, notableWork, separated oscillatory field method]
  • A. Darwin–Fowler method
    The Darwin–Fowler method is a statistical mechanics technique that uses complex analysis and generating functions to derive distribution laws for systems of many particles.
  • B. Hartree–Fock method
    The Hartree–Fock method is an approximate quantum mechanical approach for determining the electronic structure of atoms, molecules, and solids by modeling electrons as occupying self-consistent single-particle orbitals.
  • C. Born–Oppenheimer approximation
    The Born–Oppenheimer approximation is a fundamental method in molecular quantum mechanics that simplifies calculations by treating nuclear motion as much slower than electronic motion, allowing their behaviors to be separated.
  • D. Herzberg–Teller approximation
    The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
  • E. Milstein method
    The Milstein method is a numerical scheme for solving stochastic differential equations that improves on the Euler–Maruyama method by including derivative terms of the diffusion coefficient for higher accuracy.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: separated oscillatory field method
Triple: [Norman Ramsey, notableWork, separated oscillatory field method]
Generated description
The separated oscillatory field method is a high-precision spectroscopic technique, developed by Norman Ramsey, that uses two spatially separated electromagnetic fields to measure atomic and molecular energy levels with exceptional accuracy.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: separated oscillatory field method
Target entity description: The separated oscillatory field method is a high-precision spectroscopic technique, developed by Norman Ramsey, that uses two spatially separated electromagnetic fields to measure atomic and molecular energy levels with exceptional accuracy.
  • A. Darwin–Fowler method
    The Darwin–Fowler method is a statistical mechanics technique that uses complex analysis and generating functions to derive distribution laws for systems of many particles.
  • B. Hartree–Fock method
    The Hartree–Fock method is an approximate quantum mechanical approach for determining the electronic structure of atoms, molecules, and solids by modeling electrons as occupying self-consistent single-particle orbitals.
  • C. Born–Oppenheimer approximation
    The Born–Oppenheimer approximation is a fundamental method in molecular quantum mechanics that simplifies calculations by treating nuclear motion as much slower than electronic motion, allowing their behaviors to be separated.
  • D. Herzberg–Teller approximation
    The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
  • E. Milstein method
    The Milstein method is a numerical scheme for solving stochastic differential equations that improves on the Euler–Maruyama method by including derivative terms of the diffusion coefficient for higher accuracy.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad85b3c9b08190857cae74c7f36da9 completed March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adbb781e9c8190810fdd814f506127 completed March 8, 2026, 6:10 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b36820c90c819091b68cff7a0a2cda completed March 13, 2026, 1:28 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b3687bb5148190b73fd365383c4a89 completed March 13, 2026, 1:29 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b368ea71d081908332595324d8f873 completed March 13, 2026, 1:31 a.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:17 p.m.