Triple
T3473719
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Paul the Deacon |
E73321
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
History of the Lombards
History of the Lombards is an 8th-century Latin historical chronicle that serves as the principal narrative source on the origins, kings, and migrations of the Lombard people in early medieval Europe.
|
E361875
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: History of the Lombards | Statement: [Paul the Deacon, notableWork, History of the Lombards]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: History of the Lombards Context triple: [Paul the Deacon, notableWork, History of the Lombards]
-
A.
Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom
The Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom was Charlemagne’s late 8th-century military campaign that ended Lombard rule in Italy and incorporated its territories into the expanding Frankish Empire.
-
B.
Desiderata of the Lombards
Desiderata of the Lombards was a Lombard princess who briefly became queen of the Franks through her short-lived marriage to Charlemagne, forged as a political alliance between the Frankish and Lombard kingdoms.
-
C.
Lombard invasion of Italy
The Lombard invasion of Italy was the 6th-century migration and military campaign by the Germanic Lombards that led to their conquest of much of the Italian peninsula and the establishment of the Kingdom of the Lombards.
-
D.
Lombards
The Lombards were a Germanic people who ruled large parts of Italy from the 6th to 8th centuries, leaving a lasting impact on the region’s political structures, culture, and place names.
-
E.
Saxon Wars
The Saxon Wars were a series of late 8th- and early 9th-century campaigns in which Charlemagne and the Frankish Empire fought to conquer and Christianize the pagan Saxon tribes in northern Germany.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: History of the Lombards Triple: [Paul the Deacon, notableWork, History of the Lombards]
Generated description
History of the Lombards is an 8th-century Latin historical chronicle that serves as the principal narrative source on the origins, kings, and migrations of the Lombard people in early medieval Europe.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: History of the Lombards Target entity description: History of the Lombards is an 8th-century Latin historical chronicle that serves as the principal narrative source on the origins, kings, and migrations of the Lombard people in early medieval Europe.
-
A.
Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom
The Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom was Charlemagne’s late 8th-century military campaign that ended Lombard rule in Italy and incorporated its territories into the expanding Frankish Empire.
-
B.
Desiderata of the Lombards
Desiderata of the Lombards was a Lombard princess who briefly became queen of the Franks through her short-lived marriage to Charlemagne, forged as a political alliance between the Frankish and Lombard kingdoms.
-
C.
Lombard invasion of Italy
The Lombard invasion of Italy was the 6th-century migration and military campaign by the Germanic Lombards that led to their conquest of much of the Italian peninsula and the establishment of the Kingdom of the Lombards.
-
D.
Lombards
The Lombards were a Germanic people who ruled large parts of Italy from the 6th to 8th centuries, leaving a lasting impact on the region’s political structures, culture, and place names.
-
E.
Saxon Wars
The Saxon Wars were a series of late 8th- and early 9th-century campaigns in which Charlemagne and the Frankish Empire fought to conquer and Christianize the pagan Saxon tribes in northern Germany.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad85b2fed48190948c8765e453d270 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69adbb3e03e081908aa09291bbf351bd |
completed | March 8, 2026, 6:09 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b36812e3a08190abe8db8d3429a49e |
completed | March 13, 2026, 1:27 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b36c4d77448190abe198ec9d48597d |
completed | March 13, 2026, 1:45 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b36cca06d48190bc72ad2e9bd9bdb5 |
completed | March 13, 2026, 1:47 a.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:17 p.m.