Triple
T3402744
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Umbundu |
E71693
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasNeighboringLanguage |
P16383
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Kimbundu |
E67538
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (3 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kimbundu | Statement: [Umbundu, hasNeighboringLanguage, Kimbundu]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kimbundu Context triple: [Umbundu, hasNeighboringLanguage, Kimbundu]
-
A.
Kimbundu
chosen
Kimbundu is a major Bantu language spoken primarily in northwestern Angola, especially around the capital Luanda, by the Ambundu people.
-
B.
Lingala
Lingala is a Bantu language widely spoken as a lingua franca in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo, especially in urban centers and along the Congo River.
-
C.
Kikongo
Kikongo is a Bantu language widely spoken in Central Africa, particularly in the western regions of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and neighboring countries.
-
D.
Chichewa
Chichewa is a major Bantu language spoken primarily in Malawi and neighboring countries, serving as a national and widely used lingua franca in the region.
-
E.
Tumbuka
Tumbuka is a Bantu language spoken primarily in northern Malawi and parts of Zambia and Tanzania.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: hasNeighboringLanguage Context triple: [Umbundu, hasNeighboringLanguage, Kimbundu]
-
A.
hasNeighboringLanguages
chosen
Indicates that two languages are geographically or regionally adjacent to each other in their areas of use.
-
B.
neighboringLanguageFamilies
Indicates that two language families are geographically adjacent or border each other in their primary regions of use.
-
C.
coexistsWithLanguage
Indicates that one entity exists or functions alongside a particular language at the same time, without excluding or replacing it.
-
D.
recognizedAsDistinctLanguageFrom
Indicates that one language is formally acknowledged or treated as a separate and distinct language from another, rather than as a dialect or variant of it.
-
E.
closelyAssociatedLanguage
Indicates that one language is closely connected to another, such as through frequent co-use, mutual influence, or strong cultural or regional association.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (4 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad85aac4808190a092c9cc8911f584 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69adb8e78ec8819089417666dc29f412 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 5:59 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b35466945c8190b01aa016608415a0 |
completed | March 13, 2026, 12:03 a.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69adadfa73ac8190a163f93e88d217f8 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 5:12 p.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:14 p.m.