Triple
T3382259
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Bureau of American Ethnology |
E71212
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Indian Land Cessions in the United States |
E53049
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Indian Land Cessions in the United States | Statement: [Bureau of American Ethnology, notableWork, Indian Land Cessions in the United States]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Indian Land Cessions in the United States Context triple: [Bureau of American Ethnology, notableWork, Indian Land Cessions in the United States]
-
A.
United States–Native American treaties
chosen
United States–Native American treaties are a series of formal agreements, often involving land cessions and shifting sovereignty, negotiated between the U.S. government and various Indigenous nations from the late 18th through the 19th centuries.
-
B.
Indian Removal policy of the United States
The Indian Removal policy of the United States was a 19th-century federal strategy that forcibly displaced Native American nations from their ancestral homelands in the East to territories west of the Mississippi River, leading to widespread suffering and events such as the Trail of Tears.
-
C.
Johnson v. M’Intosh
Johnson v. M’Intosh is an 1823 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the doctrine that private individuals could not purchase lands directly from Native Americans, affirming federal supremacy over Indian land transactions and shaping American property and Indigenous land rights law.
-
D.
Cultural and Natural Areas of Native North America
Cultural and Natural Areas of Native North America is a foundational anthropological work that systematically maps and analyzes the cultural and environmental regions of Indigenous peoples across North America.
-
E.
Dawes Act implementation
The Dawes Act implementation was the late-19th-century U.S. federal policy that broke up communal Native American lands into individual allotments, undermining tribal sovereignty and opening surplus lands—such as those in Indian Territory—to non-Native settlement.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad85a8fd9c819095ecedf838d2bf1b |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69adb5e9af608190bfb228ef99a87bb7 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 5:46 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b33452d79081909bf6955289e0dece |
completed | March 12, 2026, 9:46 p.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:14 p.m.