Triple

T3304325
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Bertrand Meyer E69410 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Design by Contract
Design by Contract is a software development methodology that treats software components as parties to a formal agreement, specifying precise obligations, benefits, and invariants to improve correctness and reliability.
E347705 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Design by Contract | Statement: [Bertrand Meyer, knownFor, Design by Contract]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Design by Contract
Context triple: [Bertrand Meyer, knownFor, Design by Contract]
  • A. Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software
    Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software is a seminal software engineering book by the "Gang of Four" that catalogues foundational object-oriented design patterns widely used in software development.
  • B. Hoare logic
    Hoare logic is a formal system in computer science used to reason rigorously about the correctness of computer programs using logical assertions about program states.
  • C. Clean Architecture
    Clean Architecture is a software design philosophy and set of principles, popularized by Robert C. Martin, that emphasizes separation of concerns, testability, and independence from frameworks, databases, and user interfaces.
  • D. Liskov Substitution Principle
    The Liskov Substitution Principle is an object-oriented design rule stating that objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of a subclass without altering the correctness of a program.
  • E. Domain-Driven Design: Tackling Complexity in the Heart of Software
    "Domain-Driven Design: Tackling Complexity in the Heart of Software" is a seminal software engineering book by Eric Evans that introduces the domain-driven design approach for managing complexity in large, business-focused software systems.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Design by Contract
Triple: [Bertrand Meyer, knownFor, Design by Contract]
Generated description
Design by Contract is a software development methodology that treats software components as parties to a formal agreement, specifying precise obligations, benefits, and invariants to improve correctness and reliability.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Design by Contract
Target entity description: Design by Contract is a software development methodology that treats software components as parties to a formal agreement, specifying precise obligations, benefits, and invariants to improve correctness and reliability.
  • A. Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software
    Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software is a seminal software engineering book by the "Gang of Four" that catalogues foundational object-oriented design patterns widely used in software development.
  • B. Hoare logic
    Hoare logic is a formal system in computer science used to reason rigorously about the correctness of computer programs using logical assertions about program states.
  • C. Clean Architecture
    Clean Architecture is a software design philosophy and set of principles, popularized by Robert C. Martin, that emphasizes separation of concerns, testability, and independence from frameworks, databases, and user interfaces.
  • D. Liskov Substitution Principle
    The Liskov Substitution Principle is an object-oriented design rule stating that objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of a subclass without altering the correctness of a program.
  • E. Domain-Driven Design: Tackling Complexity in the Heart of Software
    "Domain-Driven Design: Tackling Complexity in the Heart of Software" is a seminal software engineering book by Eric Evans that introduces the domain-driven design approach for managing complexity in large, business-focused software systems.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad859f218081909458d2cebbf57565 completed March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adb0c8179081908a2595d1fdb7560a completed March 8, 2026, 5:24 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b2f3e383088190a056ca793ebf4ffe completed March 12, 2026, 5:12 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b2f9fb060881909dd940c69cf4a12e completed March 12, 2026, 5:38 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b3137bf988819080cef6c1946ec622 completed March 12, 2026, 7:26 p.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:11 p.m.