Triple
T3269982
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Borno State |
E68621
|
entity |
| Predicate | namedAfter |
P63
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Borno (Bornu) Empire |
E60339
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Borno (Bornu) Empire | Statement: [Borno State, namedAfter, Borno (Bornu) Empire]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Borno (Bornu) Empire Context triple: [Borno State, namedAfter, Borno (Bornu) Empire]
-
A.
Kanem Empire
The Kanem Empire was a powerful medieval African kingdom centered around Lake Chad that flourished as a hub of trans-Saharan trade and Islamic scholarship from roughly the 9th to the 14th century.
-
B.
Bornu Empire
chosen
The Bornu Empire was a powerful West African state that succeeded the Kanem Empire and dominated the Lake Chad region for centuries through trans-Saharan trade, Islamic scholarship, and military strength.
-
C.
Fulani Empire
The Fulani Empire was a powerful 19th-century West African Islamic state centered in what is now northern Nigeria, established through a jihad that reshaped the region’s political and religious landscape.
-
D.
Songhai Empire
The Songhai Empire was a powerful and wealthy medieval West African state centered along the Niger River, renowned for its control of trans-Saharan trade and cities like Gao and Timbuktu.
-
E.
Mali Empire
The Mali Empire was a powerful medieval West African state renowned for its wealth, trans-Saharan trade networks, and centers of Islamic learning such as Timbuktu.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad859b54f881909bf530d549caf2fd |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69adaff349148190beae8c0994b7ad83 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 5:20 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b28efded588190bd6c361e5298b496 |
completed | March 12, 2026, 10:01 a.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:09 p.m.